महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-21, verse-18

तद्वृत्तं तु त्रयोदश्यां समवेतं महात्मनोः ।
चतुर्दश्यां निशायां तु निवृत्तो मागधः क्लमात् ॥१८॥

18. tadvṛttaṁ tu trayodaśyāṁ samavetaṁ mahātmanoḥ ,
caturdaśyāṁ niśāyāṁ tu nivṛtto māgadhaḥ klamāt.

18. tat vṛttam tu trayodaśyām samavetam mahātmanoḥ
caturdaśyām niśāyām tu nivṛttaḥ māgadhaḥ klamāt

18. That encounter of the two great souls occurred on the thirteenth day. But on the fourteenth night, the king of Magadha (Jarāsandha) withdrew due to exhaustion.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - occurrence, event

• तु (tu) - but, however

• त्रयोदश्याम् (trayodaśyām) - on the thirteenth day

• समवेतम् (samavetam) - occurred, assembled

• महात्मनोः (mahātmanoḥ) - of Bhīma and Jarāsandha (of the two great souls)

• चतुर्दश्याम् (caturdaśyām) - on the fourteenth day

• निशायाम् (niśāyām) - at night

• तु (tu) - but

• निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - withdrew, ceased

• मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - Jarāsandha (the king of Magadha)

• क्लमात् (klamāt) - from exhaustion, due to fatigue

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to the event of the battle.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - occurrence, event

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, event, conduct

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛt (to turn, to happen)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

त्रयोदश्याम् (trayodaśyām) - on the thirteenth day

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of trayodaśī

trayodaśī - thirteenth day of the lunar fortnight

From trayo-daśan (thirteen), feminine form

Note: Refers to the specific lunar day.

समवेतम् (samavetam) - occurred, assembled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samaveta

samaveta - assembled, met, joined, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ava-√i (to come together)

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: i (class 2)

महात्मनोः (mahātmanoḥ) - of Bhīma and Jarāsandha (of the two great souls)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, high-minded

Compound of mahā (great) + ātman (soul)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Genitive dual, indicating 'of the two great souls'.

चतुर्दश्याम् (caturdaśyām) - on the fourteenth day

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of caturdaśī

caturdaśī - fourteenth day of the lunar fortnight

From catur-daśan (fourteen), feminine form

निशायाम् (niśāyām) - at night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

तु (tu) - but

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a contrasting statement.

निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - withdrew, ceased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - returned, ceased, withdrawn, retired

Past Passive Participle

From ni-√vṛt (to turn back, to cease)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with māgadhaḥ.

मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - Jarāsandha (the king of Magadha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - inhabitant of Magadha, king of Magadha

Derived from Magadha (name of a kingdom)

Note: Subject of nivṛttaḥ.

क्लमात् (klamāt) - from exhaustion, due to fatigue

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of klama

klama - fatigue, exhaustion, weariness

From √klam (to be weary)

Root: klam (class 1)

Note: Indicates the reason for withdrawal.