महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-21, verse-19

तं राजानं तथा क्लान्तं दृष्ट्वा राजञ्जनार्दनः ।
उवाच भीमकर्माणं भीमं संबोधयन्निव ॥१९॥

19. taṁ rājānaṁ tathā klāntaṁ dṛṣṭvā rājañjanārdanaḥ ,
uvāca bhīmakarmāṇaṁ bhīmaṁ saṁbodhayanniva.

19. tam rājānam tathā klāntam dṛṣṭvā rājan janārdanaḥ
uvāca bhīmakarmāṇam bhīmam saṃbodhayan iva

19. O king (Yudhiṣṭhira), Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa), seeing that king (Jarāsandha) so exhausted, spoke to Bhīma, the one of formidable deeds, as if offering counsel.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that

• राजानम् (rājānam) - King Jarāsandha (king)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so

• क्लान्तम् (klāntam) - exhausted, wearied

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Lord Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• भीमकर्माणम् (bhīmakarmāṇam) - to Bhīma, who performed formidable deeds (to one of terrible deeds)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - to Bhīma

• संबोधयन् (saṁbodhayan) - addressing, enlightening, instructing

• इव (iva) - as if, like

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Jarāsandha.

राजानम् (rājānam) - King Jarāsandha (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

क्लान्तम् (klāntam) - exhausted, wearied

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of klānta

klānta - weary, exhausted, tired

Past Passive Participle

From √klam (to be weary)

Root: klam (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From √dṛś (to see), suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira by Vaiśampāyana.

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Lord Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Kṛṣṇa, Vishnu (agitator of men, destroyer of evil men)

Compound of jana (people) + ardan (agitating, destroying)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+ardan)

• jana – people, men, creatures
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 1)
• ardan – agitating, distressing, destroying
  adjective (masculine)
  From √ard (to hurt, destroy)
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भीमकर्माणम् (bhīmakarmāṇam) - to Bhīma, who performed formidable deeds (to one of terrible deeds)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmakarman

bhīmakarman - one whose deeds are terrible, formidable actions

Compound of bhīma (terrible) + karman (deed)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+karman)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
  From √bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• karman – deed, action, work
  noun (neuter)
  From √kṛ (to do) + -man
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with Bhīmam, indicating to whom Kṛṣṇa spoke.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - to Bhīma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava), terrible, formidable

Note: Object of uvāca (indirect speech recipient, hence accusative here).

संबोधयन् (saṁbodhayan) - addressing, enlightening, instructing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbodhayat

saṁbodhayat - addressing, instructing, enlightening

Present Active Participle

From saṃ-√budh (to awaken, enlighten), causative form + śatṛ suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Modifies Janārdana, describing his action while speaking.

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)