महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-21, verse-19

तं राजानं तथा क्लान्तं दृष्ट्वा राजञ्जनार्दनः ।
उवाच भीमकर्माणं भीमं संबोधयन्निव ॥१९॥

19. taṁ rājānaṁ tathā klāntaṁ dṛṣṭvā rājañjanārdanaḥ ,
uvāca bhīmakarmāṇaṁ bhīmaṁ saṁbodhayanniva.

19. tam rājānam tathā klāntam dṛṣṭvā rājan janārdanaḥ
uvāca bhīmakarmāṇam bhīmam saṃbodhayan iva

19. O king (Yudhiṣṭhira), Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa), seeing that king (Jarāsandha) so exhausted, spoke to Bhīma, the one of formidable deeds, as if offering counsel.

19. כשראה ג׳ַנָארְדַנַה את המלך עייף כל כך, הו מלך, אמר לבְּהִימַה, עושה המעשים האדירים, כמעין מעורר אותו.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that

• राजानम् (rājānam) - King Jarāsandha (king)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so

• क्लान्तम् (klāntam) - exhausted, wearied

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Lord Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• भीमकर्माणम् (bhīmakarmāṇam) - to Bhīma, who performed formidable deeds (to one of terrible deeds)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - to Bhīma

• संबोधयन् (saṁbodhayan) - addressing, enlightening, instructing

• इव (iva) - as if, like

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Jarāsandha.

राजानम् (rājānam) - King Jarāsandha (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

क्लान्तम् (klāntam) - exhausted, wearied

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of klānta

klānta - weary, exhausted, tired

Past Passive Participle

From √klam (to be weary)

Root: klam (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From √dṛś (to see), suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira by Vaiśampāyana.

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Lord Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Kṛṣṇa, Vishnu (agitator of men, destroyer of evil men)

Compound of jana (people) + ardan (agitating, destroying)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+ardan)

• jana – people, men, creatures
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 1)
• ardan – agitating, distressing, destroying
  adjective (masculine)
  From √ard (to hurt, destroy)
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भीमकर्माणम् (bhīmakarmāṇam) - to Bhīma, who performed formidable deeds (to one of terrible deeds)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmakarman

bhīmakarman - one whose deeds are terrible, formidable actions

Compound of bhīma (terrible) + karman (deed)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+karman)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
  From √bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• karman – deed, action, work
  noun (neuter)
  From √kṛ (to do) + -man
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with Bhīmam, indicating to whom Kṛṣṇa spoke.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - to Bhīma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava), terrible, formidable

Note: Object of uvāca (indirect speech recipient, hence accusative here).

संबोधयन् (saṁbodhayan) - addressing, enlightening, instructing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbodhayat

saṁbodhayat - addressing, instructing, enlightening

Present Active Participle

From saṃ-√budh (to awaken, enlighten), causative form + śatṛ suffix

Prefix: sam

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Modifies Janārdana, describing his action while speaking.

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

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