महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-3, verse-5

अनुकुर्वन्नुलूकानां सारसा विरुतं तथा ।
अजाः शिवानां च रुतमन्वकुर्वत भारत ॥५॥

5. anukurvannulūkānāṁ sārasā virutaṁ tathā ,
ajāḥ śivānāṁ ca rutamanvakurvata bhārata.

5. anukurvan ulūkānām sārasāḥ virutam tathā
ajāḥ śivānām ca rutam anvakurvata bhārata

5. bhārata sārasāḥ ulūkānām virutam anukurvan
tathā ajāḥ śivānām rutam ca anvakurvata

5. O Bhārata, the cranes mimicked the cries of owls, and similarly, goats mimicked the cries of jackals.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुकुर्वन् (anukurvan) - imitating, mimicking

• उलूकानाम् (ulūkānām) - of owls

• सारसाः (sārasāḥ) - cranes

• विरुतम् (virutam) - the sound made by birds/animals (cry, sound, noise)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

• अजाः (ajāḥ) - goats

• शिवानाम् (śivānām) - of jackals

• च (ca) - and

• रुतम् (rutam) - the sound made by birds/animals (cry, sound, noise)

• अन्वकुर्वत (anvakurvata) - they imitated, they mimicked

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (or a similar royal address) (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

अनुकुर्वन् (anukurvan) - imitating, mimicking

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anukurvat

anukurvat - imitating, following, copying

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with the prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'sārasāḥ' (cranes).

उलूकानाम् (ulūkānām) - of owls

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ulūka

ulūka - owl

Note: Relates to 'virutam' (cry).

सारसाः (sārasāḥ) - cranes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sārasa

sārasa - crane (bird)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'anukurvan' (imitating).

विरुतम् (virutam) - the sound made by birds/animals (cry, sound, noise)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viruta

viruta - cry, sound, noise (especially of birds or animals)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'ru' (to sound) with the prefix 'vi', used as a noun.

Prefix: vi

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Object of 'anukurvan'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

(indeclinable)

अजाः (ajāḥ) - goats

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ajā

ajā - female goat, goat

Note: Subject of 'anvakurvata'.

शिवानाम् (śivānām) - of jackals

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of śivā

śivā - female jackal, jackal; also auspicious

Note: Relates to 'rutam' (cry).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

रुतम् (rutam) - the sound made by birds/animals (cry, sound, noise)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ruta

ruta - cry, sound, noise (especially of birds or animals)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'ru' (to sound), used as a noun.

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Object of 'anvakurvata'.

अन्वकुर्वत (anvakurvata) - they imitated, they mimicked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of anukuru

Imperfect (Laṅ)

From the root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with the prefix 'anu'. It is a 3rd person plural middle voice imperfect form.

Prefix: anu

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The main verb for 'ajāḥ'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra (or a similar royal address) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, an Indian