महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-16, chapter-3, verse-4
विवृद्धमूषका रथ्या विभिन्नमणिकास्तथा ।
चीचीकूचीति वाश्यन्त्यः सारिका वृष्णिवेश्मसु ।
नोपशाम्यति शब्दश्च स दिवारात्रमेव हि ॥४॥
चीचीकूचीति वाश्यन्त्यः सारिका वृष्णिवेश्मसु ।
नोपशाम्यति शब्दश्च स दिवारात्रमेव हि ॥४॥
4. vivṛddhamūṣakā rathyā vibhinnamaṇikāstathā ,
cīcīkūcīti vāśyantyaḥ sārikā vṛṣṇiveśmasu ,
nopaśāmyati śabdaśca sa divārātrameva hi.
cīcīkūcīti vāśyantyaḥ sārikā vṛṣṇiveśmasu ,
nopaśāmyati śabdaśca sa divārātrameva hi.
4.
vivṛddhamūṣakāḥ rathyāḥ vibhinnamaṇikāḥ
tathā cīcīkūcī iti vāśyantyaḥ
sārikāḥ vṛṣṇiveśmasu na upaśāmyati
śabdaḥ ca saḥ divārātram eva hi
tathā cīcīkūcī iti vāśyantyaḥ
sārikāḥ vṛṣṇiveśmasu na upaśāmyati
śabdaḥ ca saḥ divārātram eva hi
4.
Rampant street-dwelling mice and broken pitchers (maṇikā) [were seen everywhere]; and mynah birds chirped "chee-chee-koo-chee" in the Vrishni residences. That sound, indeed, did not cease day and night.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विवृद्धमूषकाः (vivṛddhamūṣakāḥ) - rampant mice (greatly increased mice, rampant mice)
- रथ्याः (rathyāḥ) - street-dwelling (qualifying mice) (street-dwelling, of the streets)
- विभिन्नमणिकाः (vibhinnamaṇikāḥ) - broken pitchers (maṇikā) (broken pitchers/water jars)
- तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, in like manner, and also)
- चीचीकूची (cīcīkūcī) - "chee-chee-koo-chee" (the sound of mynah birds) ((onomatopoeia for bird chirping))
- इति (iti) - as (indicating direct speech or sound) (thus, so, as)
- वाश्यन्त्यः (vāśyantyaḥ) - chirping (chirping, cawing, making noise (fem.))
- सारिकाः (sārikāḥ) - mynah birds
- वृष्णिवेश्मसु (vṛṣṇiveśmasu) - in the Vrishni residences (in the Vrishni houses/residences)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - ceases (subsides, ceases, becomes quiet)
- शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (referring to the birds' chirping) (sound, noise, word)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- सः (saḥ) - that (referring to "śabdaḥ") (he, that (masculine singular nominative))
- दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night
- एव (eva) - indeed, only (indeed, only, just)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)
Words meanings and morphology
विवृद्धमूषकाः (vivṛddhamūṣakāḥ) - rampant mice (greatly increased mice, rampant mice)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vivṛddhamūṣaka
vivṛddhamūṣaka - greatly grown/increased mice
Compound.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (vivṛddha+mūṣaka)
- vivṛddha – greatly increased, grown, expanded
adjective (masculine)
past passive participle
From vi-√vṛdh (1st class, Bhvadi)
Prefix: vi
Root: vṛdh (class 1) - mūṣaka – mouse, rat
noun (masculine)
Root: muṣ (class 1)
Note: Part of the list of ominous signs.
रथ्याः (rathyāḥ) - street-dwelling (qualifying mice) (street-dwelling, of the streets)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of rathya
rathya - belonging to a road/street, street-dwelling
From ratha (chariot/road) + ya (suffix)
Note: Adjective modifying `vivṛddhamūṣakāḥ`.
विभिन्नमणिकाः (vibhinnamaṇikāḥ) - broken pitchers (maṇikā) (broken pitchers/water jars)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of vibhinnamaṇikā
vibhinnamaṇikā - broken pitcher/water jar
Compound.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (vibhinnā+maṇikā)
- vibhinnā – broken, split, shattered
adjective (feminine)
past passive participle
From vi-√bhid (7th class, Tudadi)
Prefix: vi
Root: bhid (class 7) - maṇikā – small water jar, pitcher
noun (feminine)
Note: Part of the list of ominous signs.
तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, in like manner, and also)
(indeclinable)
चीचीकूची (cīcīkūcī) - "chee-chee-koo-chee" (the sound of mynah birds) ((onomatopoeia for bird chirping))
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with "iti" to indicate the sound.
इति (iti) - as (indicating direct speech or sound) (thus, so, as)
(indeclinable)
वाश्यन्त्यः (vāśyantyaḥ) - chirping (chirping, cawing, making noise (fem.))
(participle)
Nominative, feminine, plural of vāśyantī
vāśyantī - chirping, cawing (fem. participle)
present active participle
From √vāś (2nd class, Adadi)
Root: vāś (class 2)
Note: Formed from √vāś with the `śatṛ` suffix, declined as a feminine noun.
सारिकाः (sārikāḥ) - mynah birds
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of sārikā
sārikā - a species of mynah bird (Turdus salica)
वृष्णिवेश्मसु (vṛṣṇiveśmasu) - in the Vrishni residences (in the Vrishni houses/residences)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of vṛṣṇiveśman
vṛṣṇiveśman - house/residence of the Vrishnis
Compound noun.
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vṛṣṇi+veśman)
- vṛṣṇi – name of a Yadava clan
proper noun (masculine) - veśman – house, dwelling, residence
noun (neuter)
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Locative plural of "vṛṣṇiveśman".
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - ceases (subsides, ceases, becomes quiet)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śam
present active third person singular
From root √śam (4th class, Divadi) with prefix upa.
Prefix: upa
Root: śam (class 4)
शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (referring to the birds' chirping) (sound, noise, word)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda
śabda - sound, noise, voice, word
Root: śabd (class 1)
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - that (referring to "śabdaḥ") (he, that (masculine singular nominative))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Masculine nominative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun "tad".
दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night
(indeclinable)
From divā (by day) + rātra (night), often used as an adverb.
Compound type : dvandva (divā+rātra)
- divā – by day, during the day
indeclinable - rātra – night
noun (neuter)
Note: Functions adverbially.
एव (eva) - indeed, only (indeed, only, just)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.