महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-3, verse-11

उदयास्तमने नित्यं पुर्यां तस्यां दिवाकरः ।
व्यदृश्यतासकृत्पुंभिः कबन्धैः परिवारितः ॥११॥

11. udayāstamane nityaṁ puryāṁ tasyāṁ divākaraḥ ,
vyadṛśyatāsakṛtpuṁbhiḥ kabandhaiḥ parivāritaḥ.

11. udayāstamane nityam puryām tasyām divākaraḥ
vyadṛśyata asakṛt pumbhiḥ kabandhaiḥ parivāritaḥ

11. tasyām puryām nityam udayāstamane divākaraḥ
asakṛt pumbhiḥ kabandhaiḥ parivāritaḥ vyadṛśyata

11. In that city, at sunrise and sunset, the sun was constantly and repeatedly seen by men, surrounded by headless torsos (kabandha).

Words meanings summery:

• उदयास्तमने (udayāstamane) - at the times of rising and setting (at sunrise and sunset)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (constantly, always, perpetually)

• पुर्याम् (puryām) - in the city

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that (city) (in that, in her)

• दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun (the sun, day-maker)

• व्यदृश्यत (vyadṛśyata) - was seen (was seen, appeared)

• असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly (often, repeatedly, not once)

• पुम्भिः (pumbhiḥ) - by men/people (by men, by males, by people)

• कबन्धैः (kabandhaiḥ) - by headless torsos (by headless torsos, by clouds (rare))

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed, attended)

Words meanings and morphology

उदयास्तमने (udayāstamane) - at the times of rising and setting (at sunrise and sunset)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of udayāstamana

udayāstamana - rising and setting, sunrise and sunset

Compound type : dvandva (udaya+astamana)

• udaya – rising, ascent, appearance, dawn
  noun (masculine)
  from ud- + root i (to go)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)
• astamana – setting, disappearance, going home
  noun (neuter)
  from asta (setting) + mana (suffix for action noun)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Often found as a dvandva compound in locative singular, acting adverbially.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

पुर्याम् (puryām) - in the city

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that (city) (in that, in her)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine locative singular, agreeing with 'puryām'.

दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun (the sun, day-maker)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - the sun (lit. 'day-maker')

from divā (by day) + kara (maker)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer; hand; ray
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṛ (to do, make) + a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

व्यदृश्यत (vyadṛśyata) - was seen (was seen, appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadṛś

Imperfect Tense, Third Person Singular, Passive Voice

from vi- + root dṛś (to see), in passive form (dṛśyate)

Prefix: vi

Root: dṛś (class 1)

असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly (often, repeatedly, not once)

(indeclinable)

from a (not) + sakṛt (once)

पुम्भिः (pumbhiḥ) - by men/people (by men, by males, by people)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of puṃs

puṁs - man, male, person, human being

कबन्धैः (kabandhaiḥ) - by headless torsos (by headless torsos, by clouds (rare))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kabandha

kabandha - headless trunk or torso; a cloud (rare); a particular demon

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed, attended)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed, enclosed, attended by

Past Passive Participle

from pari- + root vṛ (to cover, encompass)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)