महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-9, verse-23

वानराः पक्षिणश्चैव ये मनुष्यानुकारिणः ।
सर्वे मन्त्रगृहे वर्ज्या ये चापि जडपङ्गुकाः ॥२३॥

23. vānarāḥ pakṣiṇaścaiva ye manuṣyānukāriṇaḥ ,
sarve mantragṛhe varjyā ye cāpi jaḍapaṅgukāḥ.

23. vānarāḥ pakṣiṇaḥ ca eva ye manuṣyānukāriṇaḥ
sarve mantragṛhe varjyāḥ ye ca api jaḍapaṅgukāḥ

23. ye manuṣyānukāriṇaḥ vānarāḥ ca eva pakṣiṇaḥ ye
ca api jaḍapaṅgukāḥ sarve mantragṛhe varjyāḥ

23. Monkeys and birds that imitate humans, as well as all those who are dull-witted (jaḍa) and lame, should be avoided in the council chamber.

Words meanings summery:

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

• पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - certainly, also, indeed

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• मनुष्यानुकारिणः (manuṣyānukāriṇaḥ) - imitating humans

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of these (monkeys, birds, dull-witted and lame people) (all, every)

• मन्त्रगृहे (mantragṛhe) - the chamber where secret deliberations take place (in the council room)

• वर्ज्याः (varjyāḥ) - should be avoided, fit to be shunned

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• जडपङ्गुकाः (jaḍapaṅgukāḥ) - individuals who are intellectually dull (jaḍa) and physically lame, posing a risk to secrecy (dull-witted and lame (individuals))

Words meanings and morphology

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Derived from 'vana' (forest) + ṛ (to go), literally 'forest-dweller'.

पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird, winged creature

Derived from 'pakṣa' (wing).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - certainly, also, indeed

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun.

मनुष्यानुकारिणः (manuṣyānukāriṇaḥ) - imitating humans

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣyānukārin

manuṣyānukārin - imitating humans, resembling men

Compound of 'manuṣya' (human) and 'anukārin' (imitator).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuṣya+anukārin)

• manuṣya – human, man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from Manu.
• anukārin – imitating, resembling, following
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do) with upasarga anu.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'vānarāḥ' and 'pakṣiṇaḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all of these (monkeys, birds, dull-witted and lame people) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Universal pronoun.

मन्त्रगृहे (mantragṛhe) - the chamber where secret deliberations take place (in the council room)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mantragṛha

mantragṛha - council house, secret chamber, consulting room

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mantra+gṛha)

• mantra – counsel, plan, sacred utterance
  noun (masculine)
  From root mantr (to advise, ponder).
  Root: mantr (class 10)
• gṛha – house, dwelling, chamber
  noun (neuter)

वर्ज्याः (varjyāḥ) - should be avoided, fit to be shunned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of varjya

varjya - to be avoided, shunned, excluded, forbidden

Gerundive (Nominal Passive Participle)

From root vṛj (to avoid, exclude).

Root: vṛj (class 1)

Note: Implies 'should be avoided by you' (the ruler).

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

जडपङ्गुकाः (jaḍapaṅgukāḥ) - individuals who are intellectually dull (jaḍa) and physically lame, posing a risk to secrecy (dull-witted and lame (individuals))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jaḍapaṅguka

jaḍapaṅguka - dull and lame; stupid and crippled

Compound of 'jaḍa' (dull) and 'paṅguka' (lame). The suffix -ka is often diminutive or intensifying.

Compound type : dvandva (jaḍa+paṅguka)

• jaḍa – dull, inert, senseless, foolish, cold
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jaḍ (to be cold, dull).
  Root: jaḍ (class 1)
• paṅguka – lame, crippled
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'paṅgu' (lame) with suffix -ka.