महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-9, verse-19

विहाराहारकालेषु माल्यशय्यासनेषु च ।
स्त्रियश्च ते सुगुप्ताः स्युर्वृद्धैराप्तैरधिष्ठिताः ।
शीलवद्भिः कुलीनैश्च विद्वद्भिश्च युधिष्ठिर ॥१९॥

19. vihārāhārakāleṣu mālyaśayyāsaneṣu ca ,
striyaśca te suguptāḥ syurvṛddhairāptairadhiṣṭhitāḥ ,
śīlavadbhiḥ kulīnaiśca vidvadbhiśca yudhiṣṭhira.

19. vihārāhārakāleṣu mālyaśayyāsaneṣu ca
striyaḥ ca te suguptāḥ syuḥ vṛddhaiḥ
āptaiḥ adhiṣṭhitāḥ śīlavadbhiḥ
kulīnaiḥ ca vidvadbhiḥ ca yudhiṣṭhira

19. yudhiṣṭhira te striyaḥ ca vihārāhārakāleṣu
ca mālyaśayyāsaneṣu ca suguptāḥ
syuḥ vṛddhaiḥ āptaiḥ śīlavadbhiḥ
kulīnaiḥ ca vidvadbhiḥ ca adhiṣṭhitāḥ

19. O Yudhiṣṭhira, your women should be well-protected and supervised by elders and trustworthy individuals who possess good character, belong to noble families, and are learned, especially during times of recreation, meals, and when using garlands, beds, or seats.

Words meanings summery:

• विहाराहारकालेषु (vihārāhārakāleṣu) - during times of recreation and meals (during times of recreation and eating)

• माल्यशय्यासनेषु (mālyaśayyāsaneṣu) - when using garlands, beds, or seats (in garlands, beds, and seats)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women (women, wives)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• ते (te) - your (to you, for you, your)

• सुगुप्ताः (suguptāḥ) - well-protected (well-protected, well-guarded)

• स्युः (syuḥ) - should be (may be, should be, would be)

• वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by elders (by elders, by old people, by grown ones)

• आप्तैः (āptaiḥ) - by trustworthy individuals (by trusted persons, by reliable ones, by friends)

• अधिष्ठिताः (adhiṣṭhitāḥ) - supervised (supervised, presided over, appointed, situated, occupied)

• शीलवद्भिः (śīlavadbhiḥ) - by those who possess good character (by those possessing good character, by moral persons)

• कुलीनैः (kulīnaiḥ) - by those who belong to noble families (by those of noble family, by high-born)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• विद्वद्भिः (vidvadbhiḥ) - by learned (individuals) (by learned persons, by scholars)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava))

Words meanings and morphology

विहाराहारकालेषु (vihārāhārakāleṣu) - during times of recreation and meals (during times of recreation and eating)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vihārāhārakāla

vihārāhārakāla - time of recreation and eating

Compound of 'vihāra' (recreation), 'āhāra' (eating), and 'kāla' (time).

Compound type : dvandva/tatpuruṣa (vihāra+āhāra+kāla)

• vihāra – recreation, amusement, wandering, sport
  noun (masculine)
  Verbal noun
  From 'vi-' (apart) + root 'hṛ' (to carry, take, move) with suffix -a.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• āhāra – eating, food, collection, taking
  noun (masculine)
  Verbal noun
  From 'ā-' (towards) + root 'hṛ' (to carry, take) with suffix -a.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates circumstances/time.

माल्यशय्यासनेषु (mālyaśayyāsaneṣu) - when using garlands, beds, or seats (in garlands, beds, and seats)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of mālyaśayyāsana

mālyaśayyāsana - garlands, beds, and seats

Itaretara Dvandva compound of 'mālya' (garland), 'śayyā' (bed), and 'āsana' (seat).

Compound type : dvandva (mālya+śayyā+āsana)

• mālya – garland, wreath, chaplet
  noun (neuter)
  From 'mālā' (garland) with suffix -ya.
• śayyā – bed, couch, sleeping
  noun (feminine)
  Verbal noun
  From root 'śī' (to lie down) with suffix -yā.
  Root: śī (class 2)
• āsana – seat, sitting, posture
  noun (neuter)
  Verbal noun
  From root 'ās' (to sit) with suffix -ana.
  Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Indicates circumstances/places.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women (women, wives)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

Note: Subject of 'syuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive, referring to Yudhiṣṭhira.

सुगुप्ताः (suguptāḥ) - well-protected (well-protected, well-guarded)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sugupta

sugupta - well-protected, well-guarded, very secret

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'su-' (good, well) + 'gupta' (protected, secret), which is a past passive participle of root 'gup' (to protect).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+gupta)

• su – good, well, easily, intensely
  indeclinable
• gupta – protected, guarded, hidden, secret
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gup' (to protect, to hide) with suffix -ta.
  Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'striyaḥ'.

स्युः (syuḥ) - should be (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Optative Mood, Third Person Plural

Root 'as' (to be) in optative mood, parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by elders (by elders, by old people, by grown ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased, wise, respected

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase) with suffix -ta.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'adhiṣṭhitāḥ'.

आप्तैः (āptaiḥ) - by trustworthy individuals (by trusted persons, by reliable ones, by friends)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āpta

āpta - trusted, reliable, trustworthy, obtained, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'ā-' and suffix -ta. Also used as noun for 'friend', 'trustworthy person'.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agent of 'adhiṣṭhitāḥ'.

अधिष्ठिताः (adhiṣṭhitāḥ) - supervised (supervised, presided over, appointed, situated, occupied)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of adhiṣṭhita

adhiṣṭhita - supervised, presided over, appointed, situated, occupied

Past Passive Participle

From 'adhi-' (over, upon) + root 'sthā' (to stand) with suffix -ta.

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'striyaḥ'.

शीलवद्भिः (śīlavadbhiḥ) - by those who possess good character (by those possessing good character, by moral persons)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śīlavat

śīlavat - possessing good character, virtuous, moral

From 'śīla' (character) with possessive suffix -vat.

Note: Agrees with 'vṛddhaiḥ' and 'āptaiḥ', providing further qualification.

कुलीनैः (kulīnaiḥ) - by those who belong to noble families (by those of noble family, by high-born)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kulīna

kulīna - of noble family, well-born, high-born

From 'kula' (family) with suffix -īna (indicating belonging to).

Note: Agrees with 'vṛddhaiḥ', 'āptaiḥ', and 'śīlavadbhiḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

विद्वद्भिः (vidvadbhiḥ) - by learned (individuals) (by learned persons, by scholars)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vidvat

vidvat - learned, wise, knowing, scholar

Present Active Participle

From root 'vid' (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agent of 'adhiṣṭhitāḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother

Compound of 'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular 'yudhi'.
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, unmoving
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)