महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-24, verse-23

ततो रात्र्यां व्यतीतायां कृतपूर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः ।
हुत्वाग्निं विधिवत्सर्वे प्रययुस्ते यथाक्रमम् ।
उदङ्मुखा निरीक्षन्त उपवासपरायणाः ॥२३॥

23. tato rātryāṁ vyatītāyāṁ kṛtapūrvāhṇikakriyāḥ ,
hutvāgniṁ vidhivatsarve prayayuste yathākramam ,
udaṅmukhā nirīkṣanta upavāsaparāyaṇāḥ.

23. tataḥ rātryām vyatītāyām
kṛtapūrvāhṇikakriyāḥ hutvā agnim vidhivat
sarve prayayuḥ te yathākramam udaṅmukhāḥ
nirīkṣantaḥ upavāsaparāyaṇāḥ

23. tataḥ rātryām vyatītāyām sarve te
kṛtapūrvāhṇikakriyāḥ agnim vidhivat
hutvā yathākramam prayayuḥ udaṅmukhāḥ
nirīkṣantaḥ upavāsaparāyaṇāḥ

23. Then, after the night had passed, all of them, having completed their morning rituals and properly offered oblations into the fire, departed in their respective order. Facing north and intent on their fast, they continued to watch.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• रात्र्याम् (rātryām) - in the night, during the night

• व्यतीतायाम् (vyatītāyām) - having passed, gone by

• कृतपूर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः (kṛtapūrvāhṇikakriyāḥ) - those who had performed morning rituals

• हुत्वा (hutvā) - having offered oblation

• अग्निम् (agnim) - to the fire

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they departed, went forth

• ते (te) - they

• यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in order, successively

• उदङ्मुखाः (udaṅmukhāḥ) - facing north

• निरीक्षन्तः (nirīkṣantaḥ) - observing, looking

• उपवासपरायणाः (upavāsaparāyaṇāḥ) - intent on fasting, observing a fast

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

रात्र्याम् (rātryām) - in the night, during the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

व्यतीतायाम् (vyatītāyām) - having passed, gone by

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, elapsed, gone by

Past Passive Participle

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

कृतपूर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः (kṛtapūrvāhṇikakriyāḥ) - those who had performed morning rituals

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtapūrvāhṇikakriya

kṛtapūrvāhṇikakriya - one who has performed morning rituals

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+pūrvāhṇika+kriyā)

• kṛta – done, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• pūrvāhṇika – relating to the forenoon, morning (ritual)
  adjective (neuter)
• kriyā – action, ritual, rite
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

हुत्वा (hutvā) - having offered oblation

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Root: hu (class 3)

अग्निम् (agnim) - to the fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, Agni (Vedic deity)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they departed, went forth

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pra-yā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in order, successively

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+krama)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• krama – step, order, sequence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kram (class 1)

उदङ्मुखाः (udaṅmukhāḥ) - facing north

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udaṅmukha

udaṅmukha - facing north, having a northward face

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udañc+mukha)

• udañc – north, northward
  adjective
  Prefix: ud
  Root: añc (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

निरीक्षन्तः (nirīkṣantaḥ) - observing, looking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirīkṣant

nirīkṣant - observing, looking at, watching

Present Active Participle

Prefix: nis

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

उपवासपरायणाः (upavāsaparāyaṇāḥ) - intent on fasting, observing a fast

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upavāsaparāyaṇa

upavāsaparāyaṇa - devoted to fasting, intent on a fast

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (upavāsa+parāyaṇa)

• upavāsa – fast, fasting
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – devoted to, intent on, supreme aim, ultimate resort
  adjective
  Prefix: para
  Root: i (class 2)