महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-24, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
कुन्त्यास्तु वचनं श्रुत्वा पाण्डवा राजसत्तम ।
व्रीडिताः संन्यवर्तन्त पाञ्चाल्या सहितानघाः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
kuntyāstu vacanaṁ śrutvā pāṇḍavā rājasattama ,
vrīḍitāḥ saṁnyavartanta pāñcālyā sahitānaghāḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | kuntyāḥ tu vacanam śrutvā pāṇḍavāḥ
rājasattama | vrīḍitāḥ saṃnyavartanta pāñcālyā sahitāḥ anaghāḥ

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca rājasattama,
kuntyāḥ tu vacanam śrutvā,
anaghāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ pāñcālyā sahitāḥ vrīḍitāḥ saṃnyavartanta.

1. Vaiśampāyana said: O best of kings, having heard Kunti's words, the blameless Pāṇḍavas, accompanied by Pāñcālī (Draupadī), felt ashamed and turned back.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• कुन्त्याः (kuntyāḥ) - of Kunti

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the preceding word/statement) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words, statement (word, speech, command)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu))

• राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings (referring to Janamejaya, the audience) (O best of kings, O chief of kings)

• व्रीडिताः (vrīḍitāḥ) - felt ashamed, embarrassed (ashamed, embarrassed, shy)

• संन्यवर्तन्त (saṁnyavartanta) - turned back, ceased their action (returned, turned back, ceased)

• पाञ्चाल्या (pāñcālyā) - with Pāñcālī (Draupadī) (by Pāñcālī, with Pāñcālī)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied (by) (accompanied, joined, together with)

• अनघाः (anaghāḥ) - the blameless ones (faultless, sinless, blameless)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, student of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

From root √vac (2nd class, Parasmaipada), irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

कुन्त्याः (kuntyāḥ) - of Kunti

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kuntī

kuntī - Name of the mother of the Pāṇḍavas.

Note: Also could be ablative. Context suggests genitive.

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the preceding word/statement) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

वचनम् (vacanam) - words, statement (word, speech, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, command, sentence

From √vac.

Root: vac

Note: Also nominative singular. Context implies object of 'hearing'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

indeclinable participle (absolutive/gerund)

From root √śru (5th class, Parasmaipada). Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Derived from Pāṇḍu.

राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings (referring to Janamejaya, the audience) (O best of kings, O chief of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best of kings, chief of kings

Compound of rājan (king) and sattama (superlative of sat, good/excellent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, most eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good, existing).

व्रीडिताः (vrīḍitāḥ) - felt ashamed, embarrassed (ashamed, embarrassed, shy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vrīḍita

vrīḍita - ashamed, embarrassed, shy

Past Passive Participle

From root √vrīḍ (to be ashamed).

Root: vrīḍ (class 1)

Note: Functions as predicate adjective.

संन्यवर्तन्त (saṁnyavartanta) - turned back, ceased their action (returned, turned back, ceased)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of saṃnivṛt

imperfect tense

From root √vṛt (1st class, Ātmanepada) with prefixes sam and ni.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

पाञ्चाल्या (pāñcālyā) - with Pāñcālī (Draupadī) (by Pāñcālī, with Pāñcālī)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of pāñcālī

pāñcālī - princess of Pañcāla, Draupadī

Derived from Pañcāla (name of a kingdom).

Note: Also could be genitive/ablative. Context with `sahita` indicates instrumental.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied (by) (accompanied, joined, together with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, connected with, joined, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From root √sah (to bear, endure) or a derivative stem. Often used to mean "accompanied".

Root: sah (class 1)

अनघाः (anaghāḥ) - the blameless ones (faultless, sinless, blameless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure, blameless, innocent

Negative compound (na + agha).

Compound type : nan-tatpuruṣa (na+agha)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, evil, fault, distress
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used as an epithet for the Pāṇḍavas.