महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-81, verse-6

जिज्ञासुर्ह्येष वै पुत्र बलस्य तव कौरवः ।
संग्रामे युध्यतो राजन्नागतः परवीरहा ॥६॥

6. jijñāsurhyeṣa vai putra balasya tava kauravaḥ ,
saṁgrāme yudhyato rājannāgataḥ paravīrahā.

6. jijñāsuḥ hi eṣaḥ vai putra balasya tava kauravaḥ
saṃgrāme yudhyataḥ rājan āgataḥ paravīrahā

6. hi putra rājan eṣaḥ kauravaḥ paravīrahā tava
balasya jijñāsuḥ saṃgrāme yudhyataḥ āgataḥ vai

6. Indeed, O son, this Kaurava (Arjuna), the slayer of hostile heroes, has come desiring to know your strength, O king, while you are fighting in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• जिज्ञासुः (jijñāsuḥ) - Refers to Arjuna's intention. (Desirous of knowing, curious, inquisitive)

• हि (hi) - Emphasizes the statement. (Indeed, surely, because)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna (the Kaurava). (This, he)

• वै (vai) - Emphatic. (Indeed, surely, certainly)

• पुत्र (putra) - Addressed to Karna by the divine speaker. (O son, son)

• बलस्य (balasya) - Of your military strength/prowess. (Of strength, of power)

• तव (tava) - Refers to Karna's strength. (Your)

• कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - Referring to Arjuna. (A descendant of Kuru; specifically Arjuna or Duryodhana)

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - Where Karna is currently engaged. (In battle, in conflict)

• युध्यतः (yudhyataḥ) - While you (Karna) are fighting. (Of one who is fighting)

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Karna. (O king)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - Refers to Arjuna's arrival. (Arrived, come)

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - Epithet for Arjuna. (Slayer of hostile heroes)

Words meanings and morphology

जिज्ञासुः (jijñāsuḥ) - Refers to Arjuna's intention. (Desirous of knowing, curious, inquisitive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jijñāsu

jijñāsu - desirous of knowing, inquisitive, seeker of knowledge

Desiderative Noun/Adjective

From desiderative stem of root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

हि (hi) - Emphasizes the statement. (Indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna (the Kaurava). (This, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

वै (vai) - Emphatic. (Indeed, surely, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

पुत्र (putra) - Addressed to Karna by the divine speaker. (O son, son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

बलस्य (balasya) - Of your military strength/prowess. (Of strength, of power)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force

Note: Governed by 'jijñāsuḥ'.

तव (tava) - Refers to Karna's strength. (Your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun, genitive.

कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - Referring to Arjuna. (A descendant of Kuru; specifically Arjuna or Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - a descendant of Kuru; an inhabitant of the Kuru country; specifically, Arjuna (Pandava) or Duryodhana (Kaurava).

Derived from Kuru.

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - Where Karna is currently engaged. (In battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict

Compound of sam- + grāma (village, host).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sam+grāma)

• sam – with, together, completely
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'together' or 'complete'.
• grāma – village, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)

युध्यतः (yudhyataḥ) - While you (Karna) are fighting. (Of one who is fighting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhyat

yudhyat - fighting, warring

Present Active Participle

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Karna. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

N-stem noun.

Root: rāj

आगतः (āgataḥ) - Refers to Arjuna's arrival. (Arrived, come)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate verb 'has come'.

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - Epithet for Arjuna. (Slayer of hostile heroes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahā

paravīrahā - slayer of enemy heroes, killer of hostile warriors

Upapada Tatpuruṣa compound: para (enemy) + vīra (hero) + hā (from han, slayer).

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• han – slaying, killer
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Kaurava (Arjuna).