महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-81, verse-17

ददर्श चाविदूरेऽस्य मातरं शोककर्शिताम् ।
उलूप्या सह तिष्ठन्तीं ततोऽपृच्छद्धनंजयः ॥१७॥

17. dadarśa cāvidūre'sya mātaraṁ śokakarśitām ,
ulūpyā saha tiṣṭhantīṁ tato'pṛcchaddhanaṁjayaḥ.

17. dadarśa ca avidūre asya mātaram śokakarśitām
ulūpyā saha tiṣṭhantīm tataḥ apṛcchat dhanaṃjayaḥ

17. ca asya śokakarśitām mātaram ulūpyā saha avidūre
tiṣṭhantīm dadarśa tataḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ apṛcchat

17. And he saw his mother, emaciated by grief, standing with Ulupi not far from him. Then Arjuna asked.

Words meanings summery:

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

• च (ca) - and, also

• अविदूरे (avidūre) - not far, near

• अस्य (asya) - of Arjuna (of him, his)

• मातरम् (mātaram) - Arjuna's mother (Kunti or Subhadra) (mother)

• शोककर्शिताम् (śokakarśitām) - emaciated by grief, distressed by sorrow

• उलूप्या (ulūpyā) - Ulupi (Arjuna's Naga wife) (with Ulupi)

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• तिष्ठन्तीम् (tiṣṭhantīm) - standing, staying, being

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thence

• अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - he asked, questioned

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth)

Words meanings and morphology

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect

Root dṛś (seen as darś in perfect tense).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अविदूरे (avidūre) - not far, near

(indeclinable)

Compound with 'a' (negation).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dūra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dūra – far, distant
  adjective

Note: functions adverbially

अस्य (asya) - of Arjuna (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

3rd person demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

मातरम् (mātaram) - Arjuna's mother (Kunti or Subhadra) (mother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

शोककर्शिताम् (śokakarśitām) - emaciated by grief, distressed by sorrow

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śokakarśita

śokakarśita - emaciated by grief, distressed by sorrow

Past Passive Participle (karśita)

Compound formed from śoka (grief) and karśita (emaciated, worn out).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+karśita)

• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• karśita – emaciated, worn out, distressed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛś (to become thin, to emaciate)
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: qualifies "mātaram"

उलूप्या (ulūpyā) - Ulupi (Arjuna's Naga wife) (with Ulupi)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ulūpī

ulūpī - Ulupi (proper name, a Naga princess, one of Arjuna's wives)

Note: Used with "saha"

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

तिष्ठन्तीम् (tiṣṭhantīm) - standing, staying, being

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, staying, existing

Present Active Participle

From root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "mātaram"

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thence

(indeclinable)

adverb

अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - he asked, questioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of pṛcch

Imperfect

From root prach (to ask) with augment a-.

Root: prach (class 6)

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna (proper noun)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, victorious
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)