महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-81, verse-20

जानाम्यहमिदं युद्धं त्वया मद्वचनात्कृतम् ।
स्त्रीणामागमने हेतुमहमिच्छामि वेदितुम् ॥२०॥

20. jānāmyahamidaṁ yuddhaṁ tvayā madvacanātkṛtam ,
strīṇāmāgamane hetumahamicchāmi veditum.

20. jānāmi aham idam yuddham tvayā mat-vacanāt
kṛtam strīṇām āgamane hetum aham icchāmi veditum

20. aham idam yuddham tvayā mat-vacanāt kṛtam jānāmi
aham strīṇām āgamane hetum veditum icchāmi

20. I know that this battle was fought by you at my command. I wish to know the reason for the women's arrival.

Words meanings summery:

• जानामि (jānāmi) - I know, I understand

• अहम् (aham) - I

• इदम् (idam) - this battle (this)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• मत्-वचनात् (mat-vacanāt) - from my word, by my command

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• आगमने (āgamane) - in the arrival, in coming

• हेतुम् (hetum) - the reason, the cause, the motive

• अहम् (aham) - I

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand

Words meanings and morphology

जानामि (jānāmi) - I know, I understand

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present Active

9th class, parasmaipada verb

Root: jñā (class 9)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

इदम् (idam) - this battle (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Also nominative singular neuter. Here accusative, modifying 'yuddham'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'yudh' (to fight), used as a noun

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Direct object of 'jānāmi'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'kṛtam'.

मत्-वचनात् (mat-vacanāt) - from my word, by my command

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of mat-vacana

mat-vacana - my word, my command

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+vacana)

• mad – my, from me
  pronoun
  Ablative form of 'asmad' (I/my), used here as a possessive or indicating source within the compound.
• vacana – speaking, speech, word, utterance, command
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'vac' (to speak)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indicates the source or cause.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'kṛ' (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female, wife

Note: Possessive, modifying 'āgamane'.

आगमने (āgamane) - in the arrival, in coming

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of āgamana

āgamana - coming, arrival, approach

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā' (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Indicates the circumstance or subject of inquiry.

हेतुम् (hetum) - the reason, the cause, the motive

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, impulse

From root 'hi' (to send, impel)

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Direct object of 'icchāmi'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iş

Present Active

6th class, parasmaipada verb

Root: iş (class 6)

वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of vid

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'vid' (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Expresses purpose.