महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-81, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
प्रायोपविष्टे नृपतौ मणिपूरेश्वरे तदा ।
पितृशोकसमाविष्टे सह मात्रा परंतप ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
prāyopaviṣṭe nṛpatau maṇipūreśvare tadā ,
pitṛśokasamāviṣṭe saha mātrā paraṁtapa.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca prāyopaviṣṭe nṛpatau maṇipūreśvare
tadā pitṛśokasamāviṣṭe saha mātrā paraṃtapa

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca paraṃtapa tadā nṛpatau
maṇipūreśvare prāyopaviṣṭe pitṛśokasamāviṣṭe saha mātrā

1. Vaishampayana said: 'O tormentor of foes, then, when the king, the ruler of Manipura, sat down for his fast unto death (prāyopaveśa), deeply afflicted by grief for his father, accompanied by his mother...'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage Vaishampayana, who narrates the Mahabharata to Janamejaya. (Vaishampayana (name of the narrator))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्रायोपविष्टे (prāyopaviṣṭe) - Refers to King Parikshit. (having sat down for a fast unto death)

• नृपतौ (nṛpatau) - Refers to King Parikshit. (on the king, when the king)

• मणिपूरेश्वरे (maṇipūreśvare) - Refers to the king, specifically in the context of Ulupi from Manipura. While Parikshit was king of Hastinapura, this epithet is directly applied to him by grammar here, despite the historical/geographical discrepancy. (on the ruler of Manipura, when the ruler of Manipura)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पितृशोकसमाविष्टे (pitṛśokasamāviṣṭe) - Refers to Parikshit's grief for his departed paternal figures, particularly Abhimanyu and Arjuna. (overcome with grief for his father (or paternal figures))

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• मात्रा (mātrā) - With his actual mother, Uttara. (with the mother)

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Vocative, addressing Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahabharata. (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage Vaishampayana, who narrates the Mahabharata to Janamejaya. (Vaishampayana (name of the narrator))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyasa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect third singular

Perfect tense (liṭ), active voice, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रायोपविष्टे (prāyopaviṣṭe) - Refers to King Parikshit. (having sat down for a fast unto death)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāyopaviṣṭa

prāyopaviṣṭa - one who has sat down to fast unto death (prāyopaveśa)

Past Passive Participle

Compound of prāya and upaviṣṭa (from upa-viś, 'to sit down')

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāya+upaviṣṭa)

• prāya – fasting unto death, expiration, death
  noun (masculine)
• upaviṣṭa – seated, sat down
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root viś (to enter, to sit) with upasarga upa
  Prefix: upa
  Root: viś (class 6)

नृपतौ (nṛpatau) - Refers to King Parikshit. (on the king, when the king)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

From nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from root pā)

मणिपूरेश्वरे (maṇipūreśvare) - Refers to the king, specifically in the context of Ulupi from Manipura. While Parikshit was king of Hastinapura, this epithet is directly applied to him by grammar here, despite the historical/geographical discrepancy. (on the ruler of Manipura, when the ruler of Manipura)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of maṇipūreśvara

maṇipūreśvara - lord of Manipura, ruler of Manipura

Compound type : tatpurusha (maṇipūra+īśvara)

• maṇipūra – Manipura (a city/kingdom)
  proper noun (neuter)
• īśvara – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to be master of)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Grammatically refers to 'nṛpatau' (King Parikshit), despite Parikshit not typically being associated with Manipura.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

पितृशोकसमाविष्टे (pitṛśokasamāviṣṭe) - Refers to Parikshit's grief for his departed paternal figures, particularly Abhimanyu and Arjuna. (overcome with grief for his father (or paternal figures))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛśokasamāviṣṭa

pitṛśokasamāviṣṭa - overcome/engrossed by grief for a father

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛśoka+samāviṣṭa)

• pitṛśoka – grief for father
  noun (masculine)
• samāviṣṭa – entered, occupied, overcome by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root viś (to enter) with upasargas sam and ā
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

मात्रा (mātrā) - With his actual mother, Uttara. (with the mother)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Vocative, addressing Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahabharata. (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound type : tatpurusha (param+tapa)

• param – foe, enemy, opponent
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – burning, tormenting, heat
  noun (masculine)
  From root tap (to burn, to torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)