महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-14, chapter-81, verse-4
उत्तिष्ठ मा शुचः पुत्र नैष जिष्णुस्त्वया हतः ।
अजेयः पुरुषैरेष देवैर्वापि सवासवैः ॥४॥
अजेयः पुरुषैरेष देवैर्वापि सवासवैः ॥४॥
4. uttiṣṭha mā śucaḥ putra naiṣa jiṣṇustvayā hataḥ ,
ajeyaḥ puruṣaireṣa devairvāpi savāsavaiḥ.
ajeyaḥ puruṣaireṣa devairvāpi savāsavaiḥ.
4.
uttiṣṭha mā śucaḥ putra na eṣaḥ jiṣṇuḥ tvayā hataḥ
ajeyaḥ puruṣaiḥ eṣaḥ devaiḥ vā api savāsavaiḥ
ajeyaḥ puruṣaiḥ eṣaḥ devaiḥ vā api savāsavaiḥ
4.
putra uttiṣṭha mā śucaḥ eṣaḥ jiṣṇuḥ tvayā na hataḥ
eṣaḥ puruṣaiḥ vā savāsavaiḥ devaiḥ api ajeyaḥ
eṣaḥ puruṣaiḥ vā savāsavaiḥ devaiḥ api ajeyaḥ
4.
Son, rise up, do not grieve. This Jiṣṇu was not killed by you. He is unconquerable by men, or even by gods along with the Vasavas.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - Rise up, stand up
- मा (mā) - Do not, not
- शुचः (śucaḥ) - Do grieve, grieve (aorist)
- पुत्र (putra) - O son, son
- न (na) - Not
- एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Jiṣṇu (Arjuna). (This, he)
- जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - Referring to Arjuna, who is known as Jiṣṇu. (Victorious, a name of Arjuna)
- त्वया (tvayā) - By you
- हतः (hataḥ) - Killed, struck
- अजेयः (ajeyaḥ) - Referring to Jiṣṇu (Arjuna). (Unconquerable, invincible)
- पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - By men
- एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Jiṣṇu (Arjuna). (This, he)
- देवैः (devaiḥ) - By gods
- वा (vā) - Or
- अपि (api) - Even, also
- सवासवैः (savāsavaiḥ) - Refers to the gods accompanied by the Vasavas. (Along with the Vasavas)
Words meanings and morphology
उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - Rise up, stand up
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of uttiṣṭha
Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular
From root sthā (to stand) with prefix ud (up). Parasmaipada.
Prefix: ud
Root: sthā (class 1)
मा (mā) - Do not, not
(indeclinable)
A prohibitive particle, used with the aorist or imperative.
Note: Used with aorist to express prohibition.
शुचः (śucaḥ) - Do grieve, grieve (aorist)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, aorist (luṅ) of śuc
Aorist, Middle Voice, 2nd Person Singular
From root śuc (to grieve).
Root: śuc (class 1)
पुत्र (putra) - O son, son
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
न (na) - Not
(indeclinable)
एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Jiṣṇu (Arjuna). (This, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this
Demonstrative pronoun.
जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - Referring to Arjuna, who is known as Jiṣṇu. (Victorious, a name of Arjuna)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jiṣṇu
jiṣṇu - victorious, a victor; a name of Arjuna
From root ji (to conquer).
Root: ji
त्वया (tvayā) - By you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
2nd person pronoun.
हतः (hataḥ) - Killed, struck
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hata
hata - killed, struck, destroyed
Past Passive Participle
From root han (to strike, kill).
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Predicative adjective for Jiṣṇu.
अजेयः (ajeyaḥ) - Referring to Jiṣṇu (Arjuna). (Unconquerable, invincible)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ajeya
ajeya - unconquerable, invincible
Gerundive (Negated)
From root ji (to conquer), with prefix a- (not).
Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jeya)
- a – not, non
indeclinable
Negative particle. - jeya – conquerable, to be conquered
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive
From root ji (to conquer), suffix -eya.
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Predicative adjective.
पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - By men
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, person, male, human being, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
Note: Agent in the passive construction 'unconquerable by'.
एषः (eṣaḥ) - Refers to Jiṣṇu (Arjuna). (This, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this
Demonstrative pronoun.
देवैः (devaiḥ) - By gods
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity, divine being
Note: Agent in the passive construction.
वा (vā) - Or
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
अपि (api) - Even, also
(indeclinable)
Particle.
Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.
सवासवैः (savāsavaiḥ) - Refers to the gods accompanied by the Vasavas. (Along with the Vasavas)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of savāsava
savāsava - along with the Vasavas, accompanied by Vasava (Indra)
Bahuvrīhi compound with sa- (with) and vāsava (Indra, or the Vasus). Here refers to 'with Vasavas'.
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+vāsava)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable
Prefix meaning 'with'. - vāsava – Indra; a Vasu (a class of deities)
noun (masculine)
Vāsava is an epithet of Indra, and also the name for the class of deities called Vasus. Here it means Vasus (plural).
Note: Qualifies 'devaiḥ'.