महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-74, verse-9

स वारणं नगप्रख्यं प्रभिन्नकरटामुखम् ।
प्रेषयामास संक्रुद्धस्ततः श्वेतहयं प्रति ॥९॥

9. sa vāraṇaṁ nagaprakhyaṁ prabhinnakaraṭāmukham ,
preṣayāmāsa saṁkruddhastataḥ śvetahayaṁ prati.

9. saḥ vāraṇam nagaprakhyam prabhinnakaraṭāmukham
preṣayāmāsa saṃkruddhaḥ tataḥ śvetahayam prati

9. Then, enraged, he dispatched the elephant, which was mountain-like and with ichor flowing from its temples, towards the white-horsed warrior (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (the challenger from the previous verse) (he, that)

• वारणम् (vāraṇam) - the elephant (accusative)

• नगप्रख्यम् (nagaprakhyam) - resembling a mountain in size and form (mountain-like, resembling a mountain (accusative))

• प्रभिन्नकरटामुखम् (prabhinnakaraṭāmukham) - an elephant with ichor streaming from its temples, indicating its heightened musth state (with ichor flowing from its temples (accusative))

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he dispatched (the elephant) (he sent forth, he dispatched)

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - the challenger, being greatly angered (enraged, greatly angered (nominative))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that)

• श्वेतहयम् (śvetahayam) - towards Arjuna, who is known for his white horses (towards the white-horsed (one))

• प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (the challenger from the previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

वारणम् (vāraṇam) - the elephant (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant, warding off, preventing

From root vṛ (to cover, restrain).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

नगप्रख्यम् (nagaprakhyam) - resembling a mountain in size and form (mountain-like, resembling a mountain (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nagaprakhya

nagaprakhya - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

Compound type : tatpurusha (naga+prakhya)

• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
• prakhya – like, resembling, similar
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  From root khyā (to tell, see) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: khyā (class 2)

प्रभिन्नकरटामुखम् (prabhinnakaraṭāmukham) - an elephant with ichor streaming from its temples, indicating its heightened musth state (with ichor flowing from its temples (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhinnakaraṭāmukha

prabhinnakaraṭāmukha - having its temples burst or streams of ichor flowing from them (referring to an elephant in musth)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prabhinna+karaṭā+mukha)

• prabhinna – burst open, cleft, flowing
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhid (to cleave, break) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• karaṭā – temple of an elephant
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth, opening
  noun (neuter)

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he dispatched (the elephant) (he sent forth, he dispatched)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of preṣayāmāsa

Perfect (Lit)

Causative of root iṣ (to send) with prefix pra-. āmāsa is a periphrastic perfect ending.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - the challenger, being greatly angered (enraged, greatly angered (nominative))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, very angry

Past Passive Participle (used as adjective)

From root kṛudh (to be angry) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛudh (class 4)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad + suffix tas.

श्वेतहयम् (śvetahayam) - towards Arjuna, who is known for his white horses (towards the white-horsed (one))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śvetahaya

śvetahaya - having white horses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śveta+haya)

• śveta – white, pure, bright
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)

प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning)

(indeclinable)