महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-20, verse-21

घ्राता भक्षयिता द्रष्टा स्प्रष्टा श्रोता च पञ्चमः ।
मन्ता बोद्धा च सप्तैते भवन्ति परमर्त्विजः ॥२१॥

21. ghrātā bhakṣayitā draṣṭā spraṣṭā śrotā ca pañcamaḥ ,
mantā boddhā ca saptaite bhavanti paramartvijaḥ.

21. ghrātā bhakṣayitā draṣṭā spraṣṭā śrotā ca pañcamaḥ
mantā boddhā ca sapta ete bhavanti paramartvijaḥ

21. ghrātā bhakṣayitā draṣṭā spraṣṭā śrotā ca pañcamaḥ
mantā ca boddhā ete sapta paramartvijaḥ bhavanti

21. The smeller, the eater, the seer, the toucher, and fifth, the listener; the thinker and the understander – these seven become the supreme priests.

Words meanings summery:

• घ्राता (ghrātā) - smeller, one who smells

• भक्षयिता (bhakṣayitā) - eater, devourer, consumer

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - seer, observer, one who sees

• स्प्रष्टा (spraṣṭā) - toucher, one who touches

• श्रोता (śrotā) - hearer, listener, one who hears

• च (ca) - and, also

• पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - fifth

• मन्ता (mantā) - thinker, one who thinks or considers

• बोद्धा (boddhā) - understander, knower, one who understands or knows

• च (ca) - and, also

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• एते (ete) - these

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become, are

• परमर्त्विजः (paramartvijaḥ) - supreme priests, foremost priests

Words meanings and morphology

घ्राता (ghrātā) - smeller, one who smells

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghrātṛ

ghrātṛ - smeller, one who smells

Agent Noun

Derived from root GHRA (to smell) with suffix -tṛ

Root: ghrā (class 1)

भक्षयिता (bhakṣayitā) - eater, devourer, consumer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhakṣayitṛ

bhakṣayitṛ - eater, devourer, consumer

Agent Noun

Derived from root BHAKṢ (to eat) with suffix -tṛ

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - seer, observer, one who sees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer, one who sees

Agent Noun

Derived from root DṚŚ (to see) with suffix -tṛ

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्प्रष्टा (spraṣṭā) - toucher, one who touches

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of spraṣṭṛ

spraṣṭṛ - toucher, one who touches

Agent Noun

Derived from root SPṚŚ (to touch) with suffix -tṛ

Root: spṛś (class 6)

श्रोता (śrotā) - hearer, listener, one who hears

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - hearer, listener, one who hears

Agent Noun

Derived from root ŚRU (to hear) with suffix -tṛ

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - fifth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth

Ordinal number derived from pañcan (five)

मन्ता (mantā) - thinker, one who thinks or considers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantṛ

mantṛ - thinker, one who thinks or considers

Agent Noun

Derived from root MAN (to think) with suffix -tṛ

Root: man (class 4)

बोद्धा (boddhā) - understander, knower, one who understands or knows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of boddhṛ

boddhṛ - understander, knower, one who understands or knows

Agent Noun

Derived from root BUDH (to understand) with suffix -tṛ

Root: budh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(numeral)

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the seven listed faculties.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become, are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense, 3rd person plural

Parasmaipada verb, root class 1 (bhu-ādi)

Root: bhū (class 1)

परमर्त्विजः (paramartvijaḥ) - supreme priests, foremost priests

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramartvij

paramartvij - supreme priest

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+ṛtvij)

• parama – supreme, highest, greatest
  adjective (masculine)
• ṛtvij – priest, sacrificial priest
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ṛtu
  Root: yuj (class 7)