महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-20, verse-17

प्राणानायम्यते येन तमुदानं प्रचक्षते ।
तस्मात्तपो व्यवस्यन्ति तद्भवं ब्रह्मवादिनः ॥१७॥

17. prāṇānāyamyate yena tamudānaṁ pracakṣate ,
tasmāttapo vyavasyanti tadbhavaṁ brahmavādinaḥ.

17. prāṇān āyamyate yena tam udānam pracakṣate |
tasmāt tapaḥ vyavasyanti tadbhavam brahmavādinaḥ

17. yena prāṇān āyamyate tam udānam pracakṣate
tasmāt tadbhavam tapaḥ brahmavādinaḥ vyavasyanti

17. That by which the vital breaths (prāṇa) are controlled is called udāna. For this reason, the expounders of brahman (brahmavādin) undertake austerity (tapas) which originates from it.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - vital breaths, life energies

• आयम्यते (āyamyate) - is controlled, is restrained

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• उदानम् (udānam) - udāna (one of the five vital airs)

• प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they call, they name, they declare

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

• व्यवस्यन्ति (vyavasyanti) - they undertake, they resolve, they determine

• तद्भवम् (tadbhavam) - originating from that, born of that

• ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - expounders of brahman, theologians

Words meanings and morphology

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - vital breaths, life energies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - vital breath, life force, air, spirit

आयम्यते (āyamyate) - is controlled, is restrained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of ā-yam

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whichever

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उदानम् (udānam) - udāna (one of the five vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udāna

udāna - the upward-moving vital air; one of the five prāṇa-vāyus

प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they call, they name, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of pra-cakṣ

Prefix: pra

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative form used adverbially.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

व्यवस्यन्ति (vyavasyanti) - they undertake, they resolve, they determine

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vi-ava-sā

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sā (class 4)

तद्भवम् (tadbhavam) - originating from that, born of that

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tadbhavā

tadbhavā - originating from that, produced from that

Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+bhava)

• tad – that
  pronoun (neuter)
• bhava – being, existence, origin, state
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhū (to be, exist).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - expounders of brahman, theologians

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmavādin

brahmavādin - one who speaks about brahman, a theologian, a speaker of the Vedas

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+vādin)

• brahman – the Absolute Reality, the ultimate truth, sacred utterance
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaking, declaring, speaker, advocate
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root vad (to speak).
  Root: vad (class 1)