महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-20, verse-12

घ्राणेन न तदाघ्रेयं न तदाद्यं च जिह्वया ।
स्पर्शेन च न तत्स्पृश्यं मनसा त्वेव गम्यते ॥१२॥

12. ghrāṇena na tadāghreyaṁ na tadādyaṁ ca jihvayā ,
sparśena ca na tatspṛśyaṁ manasā tveva gamyate.

12. ghrāṇena na tat āghreyam na tat ādyam ca jihvayā
sparśena ca na tat spṛśyam manasā tu eva gamyate

12. tat ghrāṇena na āghreyam ca jihvayā na ādyam
ca sparśena na spṛśyam tu manasā eva gamyate

12. That (reality) cannot be smelt by the nose, nor can it be tasted by the tongue, and it cannot be touched by physical contact; rather, it is known only through the mind.

Words meanings summery:

• घ्राणेन (ghrāṇena) - by the nose (by the nose, by the sense of smell)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तत् (tat) - that (reality) (that, it)

• आघ्रेयम् (āghreyam) - to be smelt (to be smelt, smellable)

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• तत् (tat) - it (that, it)

• आद्यम् (ādyam) - to be tasted/eaten (to be eaten, eatable, primary, first)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जिह्वया (jihvayā) - by the tongue

• स्पर्शेन (sparśena) - by physical contact (by touch, by contact)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तत् (tat) - it (that, it)

• स्पृश्यम् (spṛśyam) - to be touched (to be touched, touchable)

• मनसा (manasā) - through the mind (by the mind, with the mind)

• तु (tu) - rather (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• एव (eva) - only (only, alone, indeed, just)

• गम्यते (gamyate) - is known (is reached, is gone to, is known, is understood)

Words meanings and morphology

घ्राणेन (ghrāṇena) - by the nose (by the nose, by the sense of smell)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ghrāṇa

ghrāṇa - nose, sense of smell, smelling

Root: ghrā (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

तत् (tat) - that (reality) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the implied subject, the imperishable reality discussed previously.

आघ्रेयम् (āghreyam) - to be smelt (to be smelt, smellable)

(gerundive)

Note: Agrees with `tat`.

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

तत् (tat) - it (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the implied subject, the imperishable reality.

आद्यम् (ādyam) - to be tasted/eaten (to be eaten, eatable, primary, first)

(gerundive)

Note: Agrees with `tat`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

जिह्वया (jihvayā) - by the tongue

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue

स्पर्शेन (sparśena) - by physical contact (by touch, by contact)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, sense of touch

Root: spṛś (class 6)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

तत् (tat) - it (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the implied subject, the imperishable reality.

स्पृश्यम् (spṛśyam) - to be touched (to be touched, touchable)

(gerundive)

Note: Agrees with `tat`.

मनसा (manasā) - through the mind (by the mind, with the mind)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought

Root: man (class 4)

तु (tu) - rather (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only (only, alone, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

गम्यते (gamyate) - is known (is reached, is gone to, is known, is understood)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of gam

Passive form of root `gam`.

Root: gam (class 1)