महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-56, verse-16

च्यवनस्तु महातेजाः पुनरेव नराधिपम् ।
वरार्थं चोदयामास तमुवाच स पार्थिवः ॥१६॥

16. cyavanastu mahātejāḥ punareva narādhipam ,
varārthaṁ codayāmāsa tamuvāca sa pārthivaḥ.

16. cyavanaḥ tu mahātejāḥ punaḥ eva narādhipam
varārthaṃ codayāmāsa tam uvāca saḥ pārthivaḥ

16. tu mahātejāḥ cyavanaḥ punaḥ eva narādhipam
varārthaṃ codayāmāsa saḥ pārthivaḥ tam uvāca

16. But Cyavana, the greatly resplendent sage, again urged the king for the sake of a boon. Then, that king spoke to him.

Words meanings summery:

• च्यवनः (cyavanaḥ) - The sage Cyavana (Cyavana)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - the greatly resplendent (sage) (greatly resplendent, very brilliant, mighty-spirited)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, furthermore)

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphasis) (indeed, just, only, truly)

• नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - the king (Kuśika) (king, lord of men)

• वरार्थं (varārthaṁ) - for the sake of a boon (for the sake of a boon, for a boon)

• चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - urged (he urged, he impelled, he incited)

• तम् (tam) - to him (Cyavana) (him, to him, that (masc. acc.))

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he said, spoke)

• सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that (masc. nom.))

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king (Kuśika) (king, earthly, lord of the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

च्यवनः (cyavanaḥ) - The sage Cyavana (Cyavana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cyavana

cyavana - Name of a sage, son of Bhṛgu.

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Subject of `codayāmāsa`.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - the greatly resplendent (sage) (greatly resplendent, very brilliant, mighty-spirited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - of great splendor, very brilliant, mighty-spirited

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + tejas (splendor, energy).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective/prefix (feminine)
  Feminine form of mahat, used as a prefix.
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'tij' (to be sharp).
  Root: tij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies `cyavanaḥ`.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, furthermore)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

एव (eva) - indeed (emphasis) (indeed, just, only, truly)

(indeclinable)

An emphatic particle.

नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - the king (Kuśika) (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king

Tatpuruṣa compound: nara (man) + adhipa (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi (over) + root pā (to protect).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of `codayāmāsa`.

वरार्थं (varārthaṁ) - for the sake of a boon (for the sake of a boon, for a boon)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine/neuter, singular of varārtha

varārtha - purpose of a boon, for the sake of a boon

Tatpuruṣa compound: vara (boon) + artha (purpose, sake).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vara+artha)

• vara – boon, blessing, choice, best
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  From root vṛ (to choose).
  Root: vṛ (class 9)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Functions adverbially.

चोदयामास (codayāmāsa) - urged (he urged, he impelled, he incited)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, periphrastic perfect (liṭ) of cud

Periphrastic Perfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular (Causative)

Causative form of root 'cud' (to urge), followed by the periphrastic perfect auxiliary 'āmāsa'.

Root: cud (class 1)

तम् (tam) - to him (Cyavana) (him, to him, that (masc. acc.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - that (king) (he, that (masc. nom.))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `pārthivaḥ`.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king (Kuśika) (king, earthly, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, sovereign (lit. 'lord of the earth'), earthly

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ (suffix).

Root: pṛth (class 6)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.