महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-50, verse-18

तथा मत्स्यैः परिवृतं च्यवनं भृगुनन्दनम् ।
आकर्षन्त महाराज जालेनाथ यदृच्छया ॥१८॥

18. tathā matsyaiḥ parivṛtaṁ cyavanaṁ bhṛgunandanam ,
ākarṣanta mahārāja jālenātha yadṛcchayā.

18. tathā matsyaiḥ parivṛtam cyavanam bhṛgunandanam
ākarṣanta mahārāja jālena atha yadṛcchayā

18. mahārāja atha tathā yadṛcchayā jālena matsyaiḥ
parivṛtam bhṛgunandanam cyavanam ākarṣanta

18. Then, O great king, they unintentionally hauled in with their net Cyavana, the son of Bhṛgu, who was surrounded by fish.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - then, in this manner (thus, so, similarly, also)

• मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - by fish (surrounding Cyavana) (by fish, with fish)

• परिवृतम् (parivṛtam) - surrounded (by fish) (surrounded, encompassed, covered)

• च्यवनम् (cyavanam) - the sage Cyavana (Cyavana (proper noun))

• भृगुनन्दनम् (bhṛgunandanam) - Cyavana, as the son of Bhṛgu (son of Bhṛgu)

• आकर्षन्त (ākarṣanta) - they hauled in, pulled up (they were pulling, dragging)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing the listener) (O great king)

• जालेन (jālena) - with their net (by means of the net, with the net)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, unintentionally (by chance, accidentally, spontaneously)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - then, in this manner (thus, so, similarly, also)

(indeclinable)

मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - by fish (surrounding Cyavana) (by fish, with fish)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - fish

Note: Describes agency for parivṛtam.

परिवृतम् (parivṛtam) - surrounded (by fish) (surrounded, encompassed, covered)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √vṛ (to cover, enclose) or √vṛt (to turn) with prefix pari-. In this context, from √vṛ 'to cover, encompass'.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agreeing with cyavanam.

च्यवनम् (cyavanam) - the sage Cyavana (Cyavana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cyavana

cyavana - name of a famous sage

From √cyu (to move, fall), meaning 'one who moves' or 'one who has fallen'. Name of a sage.

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Object of ākarṣanta.

भृगुनन्दनम् (bhṛgunandanam) - Cyavana, as the son of Bhṛgu (son of Bhṛgu)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhṛgunandana

bhṛgunandana - son of Bhṛgu

Compound: bhṛgu (name of a sage/lineage) + nandana (son, rejoicer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhṛgu+nandana)

• bhṛgu – name of a Vedic sage and priestly lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delighting
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Appositive to cyavanam.

आकर्षन्त (ākarṣanta) - they hauled in, pulled up (they were pulling, dragging)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of kṛṣ

Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural

Root with prefix ā-. Past tense, implies ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Prefix: ā

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: The initial a is part of the imperfect tense prefix.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressing the listener) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound: mahā (great) + rāja (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener in a narrative.

जालेन (jālena) - with their net (by means of the net, with the net)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jāla

jāla - net, snare, mesh

Note: Instrument for ākarṣanta.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/adverb.

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, unintentionally (by chance, accidentally, spontaneously)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - free will, independence, accident, chance

Compound: yad (that which) + ṛcchā (wish, desire, going). "going as one wishes" hence "by chance".

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yad+ṛcchā)

• yad – which, what
  pronoun
• ṛcchā – wish, desire, going
  noun (feminine)
  From √ṛch (to go, reach)
  Root: ṛch (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of ākarṣanta.