महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-35, verse-23

प्रतिग्रहेण तेजो हि विप्राणां शाम्यतेऽनघ ।
प्रतिग्रहं ये नेच्छेयुस्तेऽपि रक्ष्यास्त्वयानघ ॥२३॥

23. pratigraheṇa tejo hi viprāṇāṁ śāmyate'nagha ,
pratigrahaṁ ye neccheyuste'pi rakṣyāstvayānagha.

23. pratigraheṇa tejaḥ hi viprāṇām śāmyate anagha
pratigraham ye na iccheyuḥ te api rakṣyāḥ tvayā anagha

23. anagha pratigraheṇa viprāṇām tejaḥ hi śāmyate anagha
ye pratigraham na iccheyuḥ te api tvayā rakṣyāḥ

23. O sinless one (anagha), the spiritual effulgence (tejas) of brahmins is indeed diminished by the acceptance of gifts. Therefore, O sinless one (anagha), those who do not desire to accept gifts should also be protected by you.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिग्रहेण (pratigraheṇa) - by acceptance of gifts, by receiving

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - the spiritual power or inherent energy of brahmins (brilliance, spiritual power, effulgence)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• विप्राणाम् (viprāṇām) - of the brahmins

• शाम्यते (śāmyate) - is diminished or reduced (the spiritual power) (is appeased, is extinguished, is quieted)

• अनघ (anagha) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (as addressed by Bhishma) (O sinless one, faultless one)

• प्रतिग्रहम् (pratigraham) - acceptance of gifts, a gift (accusative)

• ये (ye) - who, those who (masculine, plural, nominative)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• इच्छेयुः (iccheyuḥ) - they would wish, they should wish

• ते (te) - those brahmins (they (masculine, plural, nominative))

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• रक्ष्याः (rakṣyāḥ) - to be protected, worthy of protection (masculine, plural)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (instrumental)

• अनघ (anagha) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O sinless one, faultless one)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिग्रहेण (pratigraheṇa) - by acceptance of gifts, by receiving

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pratigraha

pratigraha - acceptance of gifts, reception, gift

From root grah with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Instrument by which tejas is diminished.

तेजः (tejaḥ) - the spiritual power or inherent energy of brahmins (brilliance, spiritual power, effulgence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - brilliance, effulgence, spiritual power, energy

Note: Subject of the verb `śāmyate`.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle emphasizing the statement.

विप्राणाम् (viprāṇām) - of the brahmins

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - brahmin, inspired, wise

Note: Possessive, referring to the tejas of brahmins.

शाम्यते (śāmyate) - is diminished or reduced (the spiritual power) (is appeased, is extinguished, is quieted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of śam

Present Indicative

Root śam, class 4, ātmanepada, present active

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Passive-like meaning in this context.

अनघ (anagha) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (as addressed by Bhishma) (O sinless one, faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+agha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, fault, evil
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira.

प्रतिग्रहम् (pratigraham) - acceptance of gifts, a gift (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratigraha

pratigraha - acceptance of gifts, reception, gift

From root grah with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of `iccheyuḥ`.

ये (ye) - who, those who (masculine, plural, nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, referring to brahmins.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `iccheyuḥ`.

इच्छेयुः (iccheyuḥ) - they would wish, they should wish

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of iṣ

Optative

Root iṣ, class 6, parasmaipada, optative active

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Expresses desire or possibility.

ते (te) - those brahmins (they (masculine, plural, nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative pronoun to `ye`.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes inclusion.

रक्ष्याः (rakṣyāḥ) - to be protected, worthy of protection (masculine, plural)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣya

rakṣya - to be protected, defensible, guardable

Gerundive

Derived from root rakṣ (to protect)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `te`.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (instrumental)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in a passive construction (implied verb 'should be protected').

अनघ (anagha) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (O sinless one, faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+agha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, fault, evil
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira.