महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-147, verse-5

प्रत्यक्षं कारणं दृष्टं हेतुकाः प्राज्ञमानिनः ।
नास्तीत्येवं व्यवस्यन्ति सत्यं संशयमेव च ।
तदयुक्तं व्यवस्यन्ति बालाः पण्डितमानिनः ॥५॥

5. pratyakṣaṁ kāraṇaṁ dṛṣṭaṁ hetukāḥ prājñamāninaḥ ,
nāstītyevaṁ vyavasyanti satyaṁ saṁśayameva ca ,
tadayuktaṁ vyavasyanti bālāḥ paṇḍitamāninaḥ.

5. pratyakṣam kāraṇam dṛṣṭam hetukāḥ
prājñamāninaḥ na asti iti evam vyavasyanti
satyam saṃśayam eva ca tat ayuktam
vyavasyanti bālāḥ paṇḍitamāninaḥ

5. hetukāḥ prājñamāninaḥ dṛṣṭam pratyakṣam
kāraṇam evam na asti iti vyavasyanti
satyam saṃśayam eva ca bālāḥ
paṇḍitamāninaḥ tat ayuktam vyavasyanti

5. Those logicians (hetukāḥ) who consider themselves wise (prājñamāninaḥ) determine that direct perception (pratyakṣa) is the authority for what is seen. In this way, they conclude that truth and doubt (saṃśaya) do not exist. But those foolish persons who consider themselves learned (paṇḍitamāninaḥ) endorse this improper conclusion.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - valid means of knowledge (direct perception, visible, manifest)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - valid means of knowledge or proof (cause, reason, means, instrument, authority)

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - that which is perceived directly (seen, perceived)

• हेतुकाः (hetukāḥ) - those who rely solely on (defective) reasoning (logicians, reasoners, sophists)

• प्राज्ञमानिनः (prājñamāninaḥ) - those who consider themselves wise

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a thought or statement (thus, so)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this way

• व्यवस्यन्ति (vyavasyanti) - they determine, they conclude, they resolve

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, uncertainty

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत् (tat) - that (improper conclusion) (that, this)

• अयुक्तम् (ayuktam) - improper, incorrect, unsuitable

• व्यवस्यन्ति (vyavasyanti) - they determine, they conclude, they resolve

• बालाः (bālāḥ) - naive or foolish individuals (children, ignorant ones, fools)

• पण्डितमानिनः (paṇḍitamāninaḥ) - those who consider themselves learned, conceited scholars

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - valid means of knowledge (direct perception, visible, manifest)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - direct perception, before the eyes, manifest, visible

From prati + akṣa (eye)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (prati+akṣa)

• prati – towards, against, in front of, in every
  indeclinable
• akṣa – eye, sense organ, axle
  noun (neuter)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - valid means of knowledge or proof (cause, reason, means, instrument, authority)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, means, instrument, origin, authority

From √kṛ (to do, make) + -ana (instrument/action noun suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - that which is perceived directly (seen, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived, apparent

Past Passive Participle

From √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हेतुकाः (hetukāḥ) - those who rely solely on (defective) reasoning (logicians, reasoners, sophists)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hetuka

hetuka - causal, reasoning; a logician, a sophist, one who relies on causes

From hetu (cause, reason) + -ka (suffix)

प्राज्ञमानिनः (prājñamāninaḥ) - those who consider themselves wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prājñamānin

prājñamānin - considering oneself wise, pretending to be wise

Compound type : tatpurusha (prājña+mānin)

• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From pra- + jñā (to know) + -a
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• mānin – thinking, imagining, considering oneself to be
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent suffix
  From √man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - marks the end of a thought or statement (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

व्यवस्यन्ति (vyavasyanti) - they determine, they conclude, they resolve

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vyavasā

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: so (class 4)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, sincerity, fidelity; true, real

From sant (being) + -ya (suffix)

Root: as (class 2)

संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation, suspicion

From sam- + √śī (to lie) or sam- + √śī (to sharpen/determine - less likely here)

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (improper conclusion) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयुक्तम् (ayuktam) - improper, incorrect, unsuitable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ayukta

ayukta - not joined, unsuitable, improper, illogical, absurd

From a- (negation) + yukta (joined, proper)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+yukta)

• a – not, un-, without (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• yukta – joined, yoked, united, fit, proper, correct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

व्यवस्यन्ति (vyavasyanti) - they determine, they conclude, they resolve

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vyavasā

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: so (class 4)

बालाः (bālāḥ) - naive or foolish individuals (children, ignorant ones, fools)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāla

bāla - child, young, ignorant, foolish

पण्डितमानिनः (paṇḍitamāninaḥ) - those who consider themselves learned, conceited scholars

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍitamānin

paṇḍitamānin - considering oneself learned, pretending to be learned

Compound type : tatpurusha (paṇḍita+mānin)

• paṇḍita – learned, wise, scholar
  adjective (masculine)
• mānin – thinking, imagining, considering oneself to be
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent suffix
  From √man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)