महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-140, verse-5

अभिवाद्य च तं देवा दृष्ट्वा च यशसा वृतम् ।
इदमूचुर्महात्मानं वाक्यं काले जनाधिप ॥५॥

5. abhivādya ca taṁ devā dṛṣṭvā ca yaśasā vṛtam ,
idamūcurmahātmānaṁ vākyaṁ kāle janādhipa.

5. abhivādya ca tam devāḥ dṛṣṭvā ca yaśasā vṛtam
idam ūcuḥ mahātmānam vākyam kāle janādhipa

5. And having saluted him, O lord of men, the gods, seeing him surrounded by glory, spoke these timely words to the great soul (mahātman).

Words meanings summery:

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, after greeting

• च (ca) - and

• तम् (tam) - him (Agastya) (him, that)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods, deities

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• च (ca) - and

• यशसा (yaśasā) - with fame, by glory

• वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded (by glory) (surrounded, covered, chosen)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke, they said

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - to the great soul (Agastya) (to the great soul)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

• काले (kāle) - at the right time, in due time

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

Words meanings and morphology

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, after greeting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from √vad (to speak) with prefix abhi- in a causative sense, meaning to salute respectfully.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (Agastya) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Agastya

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive from √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यशसा (yaśasā) - with fame, by glory

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, honor, beauty

वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded (by glory) (surrounded, covered, chosen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, selected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √vṛ (to cover, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'mahātmānam' (referring to Agastya)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Agrees with 'vākyam'

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person plural Perfect Active, from √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - to the great soul (Agastya) (to the great soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble spirit (mahātman)

Compound of mahā (great) and ātman (soul, self)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'ūcuḥ', often accusative for person spoken to.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, sentence, speech, statement

Derived from √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'ūcuḥ'

काले (kāle) - at the right time, in due time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound of jana (men, people) and adhipa (lord, ruler)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+adhipa)

• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi