महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-97, verse-9
अथ चेल्लङ्घयेदेनां मर्यादां क्षत्रियब्रुवः ।
अप्रशस्यस्तदूर्ध्वं स्यादनादेयश्च संसदि ॥९॥
अप्रशस्यस्तदूर्ध्वं स्यादनादेयश्च संसदि ॥९॥
9. atha cellaṅghayedenāṁ maryādāṁ kṣatriyabruvaḥ ,
apraśasyastadūrdhvaṁ syādanādeyaśca saṁsadi.
apraśasyastadūrdhvaṁ syādanādeyaśca saṁsadi.
9.
atha cet laṅghayet enām maryādām kṣatriyabruvaḥ
apraśasyaḥ tat ūrdhvam syāt anādeyaḥ ca saṃsadi
apraśasyaḥ tat ūrdhvam syāt anādeyaḥ ca saṃsadi
9.
atha cet kṣatriyabruvaḥ enām maryādām laṅghayet,
tat ūrdhvam saḥ apraśasyaḥ ca saṃsadi anādeyaḥ syāt.
tat ūrdhvam saḥ apraśasyaḥ ca saṃsadi anādeyaḥ syāt.
9.
But if a mere claimant to the warrior class (kṣatriyabruva) transgresses this boundary (maryādā), he would thereafter be dispraised and unacceptable in an assembly.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अथ (atha) - now, then, but, thereupon
- चेत् (cet) - if, supposing that
- लङ्घयेत् (laṅghayet) - should transgress, should violate
- एनाम् (enām) - this (feminine accusative)
- मर्यादाम् (maryādām) - boundary, limit, rule, convention
- क्षत्रियब्रुवः (kṣatriyabruvaḥ) - of a so-called kshatriya, a nominal kshatriya, a pseudo-kshatriya
- अप्रशस्यः (apraśasyaḥ) - dispraised, blameable, unworthy of praise
- तत् (tat) - that, thereafter (adverbial)
- ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after, later, upward, above
- स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be
- अनादेयः (anādeyaḥ) - unacceptable, not to be taken, not to be received
- च (ca) - and
- संसदि (saṁsadi) - in an assembly, in a council
Words meanings and morphology
अथ (atha) - now, then, but, thereupon
(indeclinable)
चेत् (cet) - if, supposing that
(indeclinable)
लङ्घयेत् (laṅghayet) - should transgress, should violate
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of laṅgh
Optative form of root 'laṅgh'
From root 'laṅgh' (to transgress)
Root: laṅgh (class 1)
एनाम् (enām) - this (feminine accusative)
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of enad
enad - this, that (referring to something near or just mentioned)
मर्यादाम् (maryādām) - boundary, limit, rule, convention
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of maryādā
maryādā - boundary, limit, rule, convention, moral standard, respect
क्षत्रियब्रुवः (kṣatriyabruvaḥ) - of a so-called kshatriya, a nominal kshatriya, a pseudo-kshatriya
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriyabruva
kṣatriyabruva - a mere or nominal Kshatriya, one who calls himself a Kshatriya but acts ignobly
Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (kṣatriya+bruva)
- kṣatriya – belonging to the warrior class, a member of the warrior class
noun (masculine)
Root: kṣi (class 1) - bruva – speaking, calling oneself, declaring
noun (masculine)
Root: brū (class 2)
अप्रशस्यः (apraśasyaḥ) - dispraised, blameable, unworthy of praise
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of apraśasya
apraśasya - unworthy of praise, dispraised, blameable
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+praśasya)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - praśasya – praiseworthy, commendable, excellent
adjective
Gerundive (Kartavya / Kritya)
Prefix: pra
Root: śaṃs (class 1)
तत् (tat) - that, thereafter (adverbial)
(pronoun)
singular of tad
tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun); then, therefore, in that case (adverb)
ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after, later, upward, above
(indeclinable)
स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as
Optative form of root 'as'
From root 'as' (to be)
Root: as (class 2)
अनादेयः (anādeyaḥ) - unacceptable, not to be taken, not to be received
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anādeya
anādeya - not to be accepted, unacceptable, not to be taken
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ādeya)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - ādeya – to be taken, acceptable, to be received
adjective
Gerundive (Kartavya / Kritya)
Prefix: ā
Root: dā (class 3)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
संसदि (saṁsadi) - in an assembly, in a council
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of saṃsad
saṁsad - assembly, council, public meeting, court
Prefix: sam
Root: sad (class 1)