महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-97, verse-5

नार्वाक्संवत्सरात्कन्या स्प्रष्टव्या विक्रमाहृता ।
एवमेव धनं सर्वं यच्चान्यत्सहसाहृतम् ॥५॥

5. nārvāksaṁvatsarātkanyā spraṣṭavyā vikramāhṛtā ,
evameva dhanaṁ sarvaṁ yaccānyatsahasāhṛtam.

5. na arvāk saṃvatsarāt kanyā spraṣṭavyā vikramāhṛtā
evam eva dhanam sarvam yat ca anyat sahasā āhṛtam

5. vikramāhṛtā kanyā saṃvatsarāt arvāk na spraṣṭavyā evam eva
sarvam dhanam ca yat anyat sahasā āhṛtam (na spraṣṭavyam)

5. A maiden taken by force should not be approached (sexually) before a year has passed. Likewise, all other wealth that has been violently seized (should also be held back for a year).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• अर्वाक् (arvāk) - within, before, hither

• संवत्सरात् (saṁvatsarāt) - from a year, after a year, a year hence

• कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, girl, virgin

• स्प्रष्टव्या (spraṣṭavyā) - to be touched, to be approached

• विक्रमाहृता (vikramāhṛtā) - captured by force, forcibly seized

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, also

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, property

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

• सहसा (sahasā) - by force, violently, suddenly

• आहृतम् (āhṛtam) - brought, seized, taken

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अर्वाक् (arvāk) - within, before, hither

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts like a preposition governing the ablative.

संवत्सरात् (saṁvatsarāt) - from a year, after a year, a year hence

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

Note: `arvāk saṃvatsarāt` means "before a year (passes)".

कन्या (kanyā) - maiden, girl, virgin

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, virgin, daughter

Note: Subject of the implied action.

स्प्रष्टव्या (spraṣṭavyā) - to be touched, to be approached

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of spraṣṭavya

spraṣṭavya - to be touched, to be approached

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root `spṛś` (to touch) + suffix `tavya`.

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `kanyā`.

विक्रमाहृता (vikramāhṛtā) - captured by force, forcibly seized

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vikramāhṛta

vikramāhṛta - captured by force, forcibly seized

Compound formed from `vikrama` and `āhṛta`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vikrama+āhṛta)

• vikrama – force, valor, assault
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)
• āhṛta – brought, seized, captured
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `hṛ` (to carry, take) with prefix `ā-`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `kanyā`.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, property

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `dhanam`.

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, whatever

Note: Relative pronoun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, different

Note: Agrees with `dhanam`.

सहसा (sahasā) - by force, violently, suddenly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form (instrumental case of `sahasa`) meaning 'with force'.

Root: sah (class 1)

आहृतम् (āhṛtam) - brought, seized, taken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āhṛta

āhṛta - brought, seized, captured

Past Passive Participle

From root `hṛ` (to carry, take) with prefix `ā-`.

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `dhanam`.

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