महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-97, verse-13

अमित्रोपग्रहं चास्य ते कुर्युः क्षिप्रमापदि ।
संदुष्टाः सर्वतो राजन्राजव्यसनकाङ्क्षिणः ॥१३॥

13. amitropagrahaṁ cāsya te kuryuḥ kṣipramāpadi ,
saṁduṣṭāḥ sarvato rājanrājavyasanakāṅkṣiṇaḥ.

13. amitropagraham ca asya te kuryuḥ kṣipram āpadi
saṃduṣṭāḥ sarvataḥ rājan rājavyasanakāṅkṣiṇaḥ

13. rājan te saṃduṣṭāḥ sarvataḥ rājavyasanakāṅkṣiṇaḥ
ca asya āpadi kṣipram amitropagraham kuryuḥ

13. And, O King, these subjects, thoroughly discontented from all sides and yearning for the king's misfortune, would quickly provide support to his enemies during a calamity.

Words meanings summery:

• अमित्रोपग्रहम् (amitropagraham) - support of enemies, aid to enemies

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - of the king (of him, his)

• ते (te) - those subjects (they)

• कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they would do, they would make

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• आपदि (āpadi) - during a calamity (for the king) (in distress, in calamity, in misfortune)

• संदुष्टाः (saṁduṣṭāḥ) - thoroughly corrupted, highly discontented, very angry

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere, completely

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• राजव्यसनकाङ्क्षिणः (rājavyasanakāṅkṣiṇaḥ) - desiring the king's calamity, wishing for the king's misfortune

Words meanings and morphology

अमित्रोपग्रहम् (amitropagraham) - support of enemies, aid to enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amitropagraha

amitropagraha - aid to enemies, supporting enemies

Compound of `amitra` (enemy) and `upagraha` (support, aid).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amitra+upagraha)

• amitra – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  `nañ-tatpuruṣa` compound of `a` and `mitra`.
• upagraha – support, aid, taking possession, influencing
  noun (masculine)
  from `upa-grah` (to seize, take up).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of `kuryuḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

particle

अस्य (asya) - of the king (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the king mentioned implicitly in the previous verses.

ते (te) - those subjects (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they would do, they would make

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

optative mood, 3rd person plural, active voice

From root `kṛ` (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

आपदि (āpadi) - during a calamity (for the king) (in distress, in calamity, in misfortune)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, distress, misfortune, danger

Feminine `d`-stem noun.

Root: pad (class 4)

संदुष्टाः (saṁduṣṭāḥ) - thoroughly corrupted, highly discontented, very angry

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃduṣṭa

saṁduṣṭa - thoroughly corrupted, highly discontented, very bad, enraged

Past Passive Participle

From root `duṣ` (to be corrupt, spoiled) with prefix `sam`.

Prefix: sam

Root: duṣ (class 4)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere, completely

(indeclinable)

adverbial suffix `tas` from `sarva`.

Note: Modifies `saṃduṣṭāḥ`.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

`n`-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

राजव्यसनकाङ्क्षिणः (rājavyasanakāṅkṣiṇaḥ) - desiring the king's calamity, wishing for the king's misfortune

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājavyasanakāṅkṣin

rājavyasanakāṅkṣin - desiring the king's misfortune

Compound adjective (Bahuvrīhi referring to persons).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+vyasana+kāṅkṣin)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• vyasana – calamity, misfortune, distress
  noun (neuter)
• kāṅkṣin – desiring, wishing for, longing for
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  from root `kāṅkṣ` (to desire) + suffix `-in`.
  Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `te`.