महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-75, verse-21

एवं यो ब्रह्मविद्राजा ब्रह्मपूर्वं प्रवर्तते ।
जयत्यविजितामुर्वीं यशश्च महदश्नुते ॥२१॥

21. evaṁ yo brahmavidrājā brahmapūrvaṁ pravartate ,
jayatyavijitāmurvīṁ yaśaśca mahadaśnute.

21. evam yaḥ brahmavit rājā brahma-pūrvam pravartate
| jayati avijitām urvīm yaśaḥ ca mahat aśnute

21. evam yaḥ brahmavit rājā brahma-pūrvam pravartate,
(saḥ) avijitām urvīm jayati,
ca mahat yaśaḥ aśnute

21. Thus, whichever king, being a knower of Brahman (brahman), acts with Brahman (brahman) as his foremost principle, he conquers the unconquered earth and attains great fame.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which

• ब्रह्मवित् (brahmavit) - knower of Brahman (brahman)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• ब्रह्म-पूर्वम् (brahma-pūrvam) - with Brahman (brahman) as his foremost principle (having Brahman (brahman) as the foremost, preceded by sacred knowledge)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - acts, proceeds, engages, conducts oneself

• जयति (jayati) - conquers, wins, triumphs

• अविजिताम् (avijitām) - unconquered

• उर्वीम् (urvīm) - earth, ground

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

• च (ca) - and, also

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, enjoys

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

relative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'rājā'.

ब्रह्मवित् (brahmavit) - knower of Brahman (brahman)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmavit

brahmavit - knower of Brahman (brahman)

compound of 'brahman' and 'vid' (knowing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+vid)

• brahman – the Absolute, ultimate reality, sacred word
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• vid – knowing, wise, skilled
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  from root vid
  Root: vid (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

ब्रह्म-पूर्वम् (brahma-pūrvam) - with Brahman (brahman) as his foremost principle (having Brahman (brahman) as the foremost, preceded by sacred knowledge)

(indeclinable)

Compound 'brahman' + 'pūrva'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (brahman+pūrva)

• brahman – the Absolute, ultimate reality, sacred word
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• pūrva – first, prior, foremost, eastern
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - acts, proceeds, engages, conducts oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-vṛt

present middle

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice, with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

जयति (jayati) - conquers, wins, triumphs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ji

present active

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice

Root: ji (class 1)

अविजिताम् (avijitām) - unconquered

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avijita

avijita - unconquered, unsubdued

Past Passive Participle (negative)

'a' (not) + 'vijita' (conquered, from vi-ji)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vijita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• vijita – conquered, subdued, won
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ji with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)

उर्वीम् (urvīm) - earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of urvī

urvī - earth, ground, wide expanse

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown, splendor

Note: Object of 'aśnute'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

conjunction

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'yaśaḥ'.

अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains, reaches, enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

present middle

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice

Root: aś (class 5)