महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-73, verse-16

ब्राह्मणो हि कुले जातः कृतप्रज्ञो विनीतवाक् ।
श्रेयो नयति राजानं ब्रुवंश्चित्रां सरस्वतीम् ॥१६॥

16. brāhmaṇo hi kule jātaḥ kṛtaprajño vinītavāk ,
śreyo nayati rājānaṁ bruvaṁścitrāṁ sarasvatīm.

16. brāhmaṇaḥ hi kule jātaḥ kṛtaprajñaḥ vinītavāk
śreyaḥ nayati rājānam bruvan citrām sarasvatīm

16. hi kule jātaḥ kṛtaprajñaḥ vinītavāk brāhmaṇaḥ
citrām sarasvatīm bruvan rājānam śreyaḥ nayati

16. Indeed, a Brahmin born in a good family, whose wisdom is perfected, and who is humble in speech, leads the king to prosperity by speaking varied and beautiful words.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• कुले (kule) - in a (good) family (in a family, in a lineage, in a household)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born (born, produced, arisen)

• कृतप्रज्ञः (kṛtaprajñaḥ) - whose wisdom is perfected (whose wisdom is perfected, accomplished in wisdom)

• विनीतवाक् (vinītavāk) - humble in speech (humble in speech, disciplined in speech)

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - prosperity (prosperity, welfare, good fortune, better)

• नयति (nayati) - leads (leads, guides, carries)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking (speaking, saying)

• चित्राम् (citrām) - varied and beautiful (varied, beautiful, wonderful, clear)

• सरस्वतीम् (sarasvatīm) - speech (speech, eloquence, river goddess, Sarasvati)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

कुले (kule) - in a (good) family (in a family, in a lineage, in a household)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, clan, house

जातः (jātaḥ) - born (born, produced, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.

कृतप्रज्ञः (kṛtaprajñaḥ) - whose wisdom is perfected (whose wisdom is perfected, accomplished in wisdom)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtaprajña

kṛtaprajña - one who has perfected wisdom, accomplished in wisdom

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+prajñā)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• prajñā – wisdom, discernment, intelligence
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Compound adjective.

विनीतवाक् (vinītavāk) - humble in speech (humble in speech, disciplined in speech)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinītavāc

vinītavāc - humble-speaking, disciplined in speech

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vinīta+vāc)

• vinīta – disciplined, humble, modest
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root nī (to lead) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: nī (class 1)
• vāc – speech, word, voice
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Compound adjective.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - prosperity (prosperity, welfare, good fortune, better)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - prosperity, welfare, good fortune, excellence, better

Comparative form of 'śrī' or 'praśasta' used as a noun

नयति (nayati) - leads (leads, guides, carries)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Present Tense

Root: nī (class 1)

राजानम् (rājānam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

From root brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Participle, modifying 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.

चित्राम् (citrām) - varied and beautiful (varied, beautiful, wonderful, clear)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of citra

citra - varied, beautiful, wonderful, clear, bright

सरस्वतीम् (sarasvatīm) - speech (speech, eloquence, river goddess, Sarasvati)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarasvatī

sarasvatī - speech, eloquence, goddess of learning, river