महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-73, verse-13

एष ते प्रथमः कल्प आपद्यन्यो भवेदतः ।
यदि स्वर्गे परं स्थानं धर्मतः परिमार्गसि ॥१३॥

13. eṣa te prathamaḥ kalpa āpadyanyo bhavedataḥ ,
yadi svarge paraṁ sthānaṁ dharmataḥ parimārgasi.

13. eṣa te prathamaḥ kalpaḥ āpadi anyaḥ bhavet ataḥ
yadi svarge param sthānam dharmataḥ parimārgasi

13. yadi svarge param sthānam dharmataḥ parimārgasi,
eṣa te prathamaḥ kalpaḥ,
ataḥ āpadi anyaḥ bhavet

13. This is your primary choice; another course of action may be taken in an emergency. (This applies) if you seek the highest abode in heaven through righteous conduct (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this (this, this one)

• ते (te) - your (to you, for you, your)

• प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - primary (first, foremost, primary)

• कल्पः (kalpaḥ) - option, course of action (rule, precept, option, possibility, age)

• आपदि (āpadi) - in an emergency (in calamity, in distress, in emergency)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (course of action) (other, another)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may exist (may be, should be, would be)

• अतः (ataḥ) - (from) this (situation) (therefore, from this, hence)

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, whether)

• स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven (in heaven, in paradise)

• परम् (param) - highest (highest, supreme, ultimate)

• स्थानम् (sthānam) - place, abode (place, position, abode, state)

• धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - through righteous conduct (dharma) (by dharma, through righteous conduct, according to law)

• परिमार्गसि (parimārgasi) - you seek (you seek, you search for)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

ते (te) - your (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Dative or Genitive singular of 'you' (yuṣmad)

प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - primary (first, foremost, primary)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, primary

कल्पः (kalpaḥ) - option, course of action (rule, precept, option, possibility, age)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalpa

kalpa - rule, precept, option, possibility, age

Derived from root Kḷp (to be able, to arrange)

Root: kḷp (class 1)

आपदि (āpadi) - in an emergency (in calamity, in distress, in emergency)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, distress, emergency, misfortune

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (course of action) (other, another)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

भवेत् (bhavet) - may exist (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood

Root: bhū (class 1)

अतः (ataḥ) - (from) this (situation) (therefore, from this, hence)

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if (if, whether)

(indeclinable)

स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven (in heaven, in paradise)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

परम् (param) - highest (highest, supreme, ultimate)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - highest, supreme, ultimate, other, distant

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with sthānam.

स्थानम् (sthānam) - place, abode (place, position, abode, state)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, abode, state

Derived from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - through righteous conduct (dharma) (by dharma, through righteous conduct, according to law)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -tas from dharma

Note: This is an indeclinable formed from 'dharma' with the suffix -tas.

परिमार्गसि (parimārgasi) - you seek (you seek, you search for)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of parimārg

Present Tense

Compound verb with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: mārg (class 10)