महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-4, verse-21

दुर्योधनस्तु कर्णेन पाल्यमानोऽभ्ययात्तदा ।
हृष्टः कन्यामुपादाय नगरं नागसाह्वयम् ॥२१॥

21. duryodhanastu karṇena pālyamāno'bhyayāttadā ,
hṛṣṭaḥ kanyāmupādāya nagaraṁ nāgasāhvayam.

21. duryodhanaḥ tu karṇena pālyamānaḥ abhyayāt tadā
hṛṣṭaḥ kanyām upādāya nagaram nāgasāhvayam

21. tu karṇena pālyamānaḥ duryodhanaḥ tadā hṛṣṭaḥ
kanyām upādāya nāgasāhvayam nagaram abhyayāt

21. But Duryodhana, protected by Karna, then went, joyful and having taken the maiden, to the city named Nāgasāhvaya (Hāstinapura).

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna

• पाल्यमानः (pālyamānaḥ) - being protected (by Karna) (being protected, being guarded, being nourished)

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he proceeded (he went towards, he approached, he proceeded)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful (joyful, delighted, happy, excited)

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - the maiden (referring to the captured princess) (girl, maiden, daughter)

• उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken (the maiden) (having taken, having received, having appropriated)

• नगरम् (nagaram) - the city (city, town)

• नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - the city named Nāgasāhvaya (Hāstinapura) (named Nāga, called Nāga; having the designation Nāga (Hāstinapura))

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and antagonist in the Mahābhārata)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (a celebrated warrior in the Mahabharata)

पाल्यमानः (pālyamānaḥ) - being protected (by Karna) (being protected, being guarded, being nourished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālyamāna

pālyamāna - being protected, being guarded

Present Passive Participle

From root pā (to protect) + -yamāna (passive participle suffix)

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'Duryodhanaḥ'.

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he proceeded (he went towards, he approached, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhiyā

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, from abhi-yā (to go)

Prefix: abhi

Root: yā (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' + suffix -dā

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful (joyful, delighted, happy, excited)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - joyful, delighted, excited; bristling (of hair)

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to be excited, glad)

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'Duryodhanaḥ'.

कन्याम् (kanyām) - the maiden (referring to the captured princess) (girl, maiden, daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - girl, maiden, virgin, daughter

उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken (the maiden) (having taken, having received, having appropriated)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From upa-ā-dā (to take, seize) + -ya (absolutive suffix)

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: This is an absolutive (gerund).

नगरम् (nagaram) - the city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - the city named Nāgasāhvaya (Hāstinapura) (named Nāga, called Nāga; having the designation Nāga (Hāstinapura))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāgasāhvaya

nāgasāhvaya - named after Nāga, having Nāga as a designation, pertaining to Nāga

Compound: Nāga (elephant/serpent) + sāhvaya (named after, having the appellation)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nāga+sāhvaya)

• nāga – serpent, elephant, a tribal name
  noun (masculine)
• sāhvaya – having the name of, called, designated as
  adjective (neuter)
  From sa (with) + āhvaya (name, appellation)

Note: Modifies 'nagaram'.