महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-4, verse-13

स वीर्यमदमत्तत्वाद्भीष्मद्रोणावुपाश्रितः ।
रथमारोप्य तां कन्यामाजुहाव नराधिपान् ॥१३॥

13. sa vīryamadamattatvādbhīṣmadroṇāvupāśritaḥ ,
rathamāropya tāṁ kanyāmājuhāva narādhipān.

13. saḥ vīryamadamattatvāt bhīṣmadroṇau upāśritaḥ
ratham āropya tām kanyām ājuhāva narādhipān

13. saḥ vīryamadamattatvāt bhīṣmadroṇau upāśritaḥ
tām kanyām ratham āropya narādhipān ājuhāva

13. Intoxicated by the pride of his valor, and relying on Bhishma and Drona, he had that maiden seated on his chariot and then challenged the other kings.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Duryodhana) (he, that (masculine))

• वीर्यमदमत्तत्वात् (vīryamadamattatvāt) - due to the state of being intoxicated by the pride of valor/prowess

• भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhishma and Drona

• उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - relying on, supported by, having resorted to

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• आरोप्य (āropya) - having made her ascend the chariot (having caused to ascend, having placed upon)

• ताम् (tām) - that maiden (Draupadī) (that (feminine))

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - the maiden (Draupadī) (girl, maiden, daughter)

• आजुहाव (ājuhāva) - challenged (the kings to a fight for the maiden) (invited, summoned, challenged)

• नराधिपान् (narādhipān) - the rulers of men, the kings

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Duryodhana) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

वीर्यमदमत्तत्वात् (vīryamadamattatvāt) - due to the state of being intoxicated by the pride of valor/prowess

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vīryamadamattatva

vīryamadamattatva - state of being proud of valor

Compound noun formed from 'vīrya' (valor), 'mada' (pride), and 'mattatva' (state of intoxication).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīrya+mada+mattatva)

• vīrya – valor, prowess, strength, energy
  noun (neuter)
• mada – intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion
  noun (masculine)
• mattatva – state of being intoxicated or proud
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'matta' (intoxicated, proud) with the suffix '-tva' (denoting state or nature).

भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhishma and Drona

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of bhīṣmadroṇa

bhīṣmadroṇa - Bhishma and Drona

Dvandva compound of two proper names.

Compound type : dvandva (bhīṣma+droṇa)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• droṇa – Drona (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Although formally accusative, in construction with 'upāśritaḥ' (relying on), it functions like an object of reliance.

उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - relying on, supported by, having resorted to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāśrita

upāśrita - relied upon, dependent, resorted to

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'śri' (to resort to, seek refuge) with prefixes 'upa' (near, towards) and 'ā' (unto).

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

आरोप्य (āropya) - having made her ascend the chariot (having caused to ascend, having placed upon)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from the causal form of the root 'ruh' (to ascend) with the prefix 'ā' (upon, onto).

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

ताम् (tām) - that maiden (Draupadī) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

कन्याम् (kanyām) - the maiden (Draupadī) (girl, maiden, daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - girl, maiden, virgin, daughter

आजुहाव (ājuhāva) - challenged (the kings to a fight for the maiden) (invited, summoned, challenged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of āhve

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

नराधिपान् (narādhipān) - the rulers of men, the kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of narādhipa

narādhipa - ruler of men, king, lord

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)