महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-4, verse-12

दुर्योधनस्तु कौरव्यो नामर्षयत लङ्घनम् ।
प्रत्यषेधच्च तां कन्यामसत्कृत्य नराधिपान् ॥१२॥

12. duryodhanastu kauravyo nāmarṣayata laṅghanam ,
pratyaṣedhacca tāṁ kanyāmasatkṛtya narādhipān.

12. duryodhanaḥ tu kauravyaḥ na amarṣayata laṅghanam
pratyaṣedhat ca tām kanyām asatkṛtya narādhipān

12. tu kauravyaḥ duryodhanaḥ laṅghanam na amarṣayata
ca narādhipān asatkṛtya tām kanyām pratyaṣedhat

12. But Duryodhana, a descendant of Kuru, did not tolerate this slight. He prohibited that maiden, having thus dishonored the other kings.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• कौरव्यः (kauravyaḥ) - Duryodhana (as a Kuru) (descendant of Kuru, Kuru prince)

• न (na) - not

• अमर्षयत (amarṣayata) - did not tolerate, was not angry at

• लङ्घनम् (laṅghanam) - the act of being bypassed or slighted (by the maiden) (transgression, slight, bypassing, leaping over)

• प्रत्यषेधत् (pratyaṣedhat) - prohibited, forbade, prevented

• च (ca) - and, also

• ताम् (tām) - that maiden (Draupadī) (that (feminine))

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - the maiden (Draupadī) (girl, maiden, daughter)

• असत्कृत्य (asatkṛtya) - having dishonored, having insulted, having treated improperly

• नराधिपान् (narādhipān) - the rulers of men, the kings

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

कौरव्यः (kauravyaḥ) - Duryodhana (as a Kuru) (descendant of Kuru, Kuru prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, member of the Kuru dynasty

Patronymic derived from Kuru.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अमर्षयत (amarṣayata) - did not tolerate, was not angry at

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of marṣaya

Causal

Causal form of the root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, to endure).

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

लङ्घनम् (laṅghanam) - the act of being bypassed or slighted (by the maiden) (transgression, slight, bypassing, leaping over)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of laṅghana

laṅghana - leaping over, transgression, slighting, fasting

Verbal Noun

Derived from the root 'laṅgh' (to leap, transgress).

Root: laṅgh (class 1)

प्रत्यषेधत् (pratyaṣedhat) - prohibited, forbade, prevented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratiṣedh

Prefix: prati

Root: sidh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that maiden (Draupadī) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

कन्याम् (kanyām) - the maiden (Draupadī) (girl, maiden, daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - girl, maiden, virgin, daughter

असत्कृत्य (asatkṛtya) - having dishonored, having insulted, having treated improperly

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) combined with the adverbial prefix 'asat' (improperly, badly). The suffix is '-tya' (or '-ya' after a prefix).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (asat+kṛtya)

• asat – not good, bad, improper
  adjective
• kṛtya – having done, having made
  indeclinable
  Gerund (absolutive)
  The gerundial form of the root 'kṛ' (to do, to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

नराधिपान् (narādhipān) - the rulers of men, the kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of narādhipa

narādhipa - ruler of men, king, lord

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)