महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-348, verse-18

तदेष तपसां शत्रुः श्रेयसश्च निपातनः ।
निगृहीतो मया रोषः श्रुत्वैव वचनं तव ॥१८॥

18. tadeṣa tapasāṁ śatruḥ śreyasaśca nipātanaḥ ,
nigṛhīto mayā roṣaḥ śrutvaiva vacanaṁ tava.

18. tat eṣaḥ tapasām śatruḥ śreyasaḥ ca nipātanaḥ
nigṛhītaḥ mayā roṣaḥ śrutvā eva vacanam tava

18. tat tava vacanam śrutvā eva eṣaḥ tapasām śreyasaḥ
ca śatruḥ nipātanaḥ roṣaḥ mayā nigṛhītaḥ

18. Therefore, this anger, which is an enemy of austerities (tapas) and a destroyer of welfare, has been restrained by me immediately upon hearing your words.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore, thus, that

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• तपसाम् (tapasām) - of austerities, of penances

• शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy

• श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of welfare, of excellence, of good fortune

• च (ca) - and

• निपातनः (nipātanaḥ) - destroyer, feller

• निगृहीतः (nigṛhītaḥ) - controlled, restrained, checked

• मया (mayā) - by me

• रोषः (roṣaḥ) - anger, wrath

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• एव (eva) - just, indeed, only

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, command

• तव (tava) - your

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore, thus, that

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

तपसाम् (tapasām) - of austerities, of penances

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of tapas

tapas - heat, austerity, penance, spiritual fervor

from tap (to heat, to burn)

Root: tap (class 1)

शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of welfare, of excellence, of good fortune

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, excellent, welfare, good fortune

comparative degree of śrī

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

निपातनः (nipātanaḥ) - destroyer, feller

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātana

nipātana - felling, throwing down, destroying, killer, destroyer

agent noun or action noun

from ni- + pat (to fall) with suffix -ana (agent/action)

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

निगृहीतः (nigṛhītaḥ) - controlled, restrained, checked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nigṛhīta

nigṛhīta - seized, restrained, controlled

Past Passive Participle

from ni- + grah (to seize, to hold) with past participle suffix -ta

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

रोषः (roṣaḥ) - anger, wrath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of roṣa

roṣa - anger, wrath, fury

from ruṣ (to be angry)

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutiv (gerund)

from śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

एव (eva) - just, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

Particle for emphasis.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, command

from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of śrutvā.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, informal)

Note: Pertains to 'vacanam'.