महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-348, verse-15

दोषस्य हि वशं गत्वा दशग्रीवः प्रतापवान् ।
तथा शक्रप्रतिस्पर्धी हतो रामेण संयुगे ॥१५॥

15. doṣasya hi vaśaṁ gatvā daśagrīvaḥ pratāpavān ,
tathā śakrapratispardhī hato rāmeṇa saṁyuge.

15. doṣasya hi vaśam gatvā daśagrīvaḥ pratāpavān
tathā śakrapratispardhī hataḥ rāmeṇa saṃyuge

15. Indeed, having fallen under the sway of vice (doṣa), the mighty Daśagrīva, who was a rival of Indra, was thus slain by Rāma in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• दोषस्य (doṣasya) - of fault, of vice, of defect

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having attained, having reached

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa, 'ten-necked')

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, mighty

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• शक्रप्रतिस्पर्धी (śakrapratispardhī) - rival of Indra, competing with Indra

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

दोषस्य (doṣasya) - of fault, of vice, of defect

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, blemish

from √duṣ 'to be bad'

Root: duṣ (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, sway

Root: vaś (class 1)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having attained, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: gam (class 1)

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa, 'ten-necked')

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - Ten-necked (epithet of Rāvaṇa)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśan+grīvā)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - glorious, powerful, mighty, full of majesty

From pratāpa + matup suffix

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

शक्रप्रतिस्पर्धी (śakrapratispardhī) - rival of Indra, competing with Indra

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakrapratispardhin

śakrapratispardhin - rivalling Indra, competitor of Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śakra+pratispardhin)

• śakra – Indra
  proper noun (masculine)
• pratispardhin – rival, competitor
  adjective (masculine)
  From prati-√spardh 'to contend against'
  Prefix: prati
  Root: spardh (class 1)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From √han 'to strike, kill'

Root: han (class 2)

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict

From sam-√yuj 'to join, unite'

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)