महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-248, verse-9

स राजा शत्रुवशगः पुत्रशोकसमन्वितः ।
यदृच्छयाशान्तिपरो ददर्श भुवि नारदम् ॥९॥

9. sa rājā śatruvaśagaḥ putraśokasamanvitaḥ ,
yadṛcchayāśāntiparo dadarśa bhuvi nāradam.

9. sa rājā śatruvaśagaḥ putraśokasammanvitaḥ
yadṛcchayā aśāntiparaḥ dadarśa bhuvi nāradam

9. sa rājā śatruvaśagaḥ putraśokasammanvitaḥ
yadṛcchayā aśāntiparaḥ bhuvi nāradam dadarśa

9. That king, having fallen under the control of his enemies and being afflicted with grief for his son, by chance, while utterly restless, saw Nārada on earth.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - That king (he, that)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• शत्रुवशगः (śatruvaśagaḥ) - fallen into the power of enemies, under the control of enemies

• पुत्रशोकसम्मन्वितः (putraśokasammanvitaḥ) - accompanied by grief for son, afflicted by son's grief

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

• अशान्तिपरः (aśāntiparaḥ) - intent on unrest, devoted to disquiet, extremely restless

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the earth, on the ground

• नारदम् (nāradam) - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - That king (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शत्रुवशगः (śatruvaśagaḥ) - fallen into the power of enemies, under the control of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatruvaśaga

śatruvaśaga - gone into the power of enemies, under enemy control

Compound formed from 'śatru' (enemy), 'vaśa' (control/power), and 'ga' (going/fallen).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+vaśa+ga)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – will, power, control, subjection
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, situated in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

पुत्रशोकसम्मन्वितः (putraśokasammanvitaḥ) - accompanied by grief for son, afflicted by son's grief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putraśokasammanvita

putraśokasammanvita - accompanied by grief for a son, afflicted with sorrow for a son

Past Passive Participle

Compound formed from 'putra' (son), 'śoka' (grief), and 'sammanvita' (accompanied by, endowed with). 'Sammanvita' itself is a participle from 'sam' + 'anu' + root 'iñ' (to go) with suffix 'kta'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (putraśoka+sammanvita)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root śuc (to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• sammanvita – accompanied, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'sam' + 'anu' + root 'iñ' (to go) with suffix 'kta'.
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: iñ (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - chance, accident, spontaneity, freedom of will

Derived from 'yat' (what) + 'ṛcchā' (desire).

Compound type : tatpurusha (yat+ṛcchā)

• yat – which, what (pronoun)
  pronoun (neuter)
• ṛcchā – desire, wish, will
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root ṛcch (to wish, desire)
  Root: ṛcch (class 6)

अशान्तिपरः (aśāntiparaḥ) - intent on unrest, devoted to disquiet, extremely restless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśāntipara

aśāntipara - intent on unrest, devoted to disquiet, extremely restless

Compound of 'aśānti' (unrest, disquiet) and 'para' (intent on, devoted to, supreme).

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśānti+para)

• aśānti – unrest, disquiet, absence of peace
  noun (feminine)
  Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'śānti' (peace).
• para – supreme, highest, ultimate; intent on, devoted to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land

नारदम् (nāradam) - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (a divine sage, son of Brahmā)

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.