महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-248, verse-12

राजञ्शृणु समाख्यानमद्येदं बहुविस्तरम् ।
यथा वृत्तं श्रुतं चैव मयापि वसुधाधिप ॥१२॥

12. rājañśṛṇu samākhyānamadyedaṁ bahuvistaram ,
yathā vṛttaṁ śrutaṁ caiva mayāpi vasudhādhipa.

12. rājan śṛṇu samākhyānam adya idam bahuvistaram
yathā vṛttam śrutam ca eva mayā api vasudhādhipa

12. rājan vasudhādhipa adya idam bahuvistaram
samākhyānam yathā vṛttam ca eva mayā api śrutam śṛṇu

12. O King (rājan)! Listen now to this very extensive narrative, O lord of the earth (vasudhādhipa), which I have also heard, just as it occurred.

Words meanings summery:

• राजन् (rājan) - The vocative address to the king (O king!)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - An instruction to the king to listen (listen! hear!)

• समाख्यानम् (samākhyānam) - The extensive narrative that Nārada is about to tell (narrative, complete account, story)

• अद्य (adya) - At this very moment (today, now)

• इदम् (idam) - This narrative (this, here)

• बहुविस्तरम् (bahuvistaram) - Describing the nature of the narrative as long and detailed (very extensive, greatly detailed)

• यथा (yathā) - as, in what manner, according to

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - How it truly happened (happened, occurred, transpired, event)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - Which Nārada has also heard (heard, listened to)

• च (ca) - Adds emphasis or inclusion (and, also)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes that it was 'just as' or 'also' (only, indeed, just, certainly)

• मया (mayā) - Nārada is the speaker, referring to himself (by me)

• अपि (api) - Signifies that Nārada also heard it (also, even)

• वसुधाधिप (vasudhādhipa) - Another vocative address to the king (O lord of the earth! O king!)

Words meanings and morphology

राजन् (rājan) - The vocative address to the king (O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Used to address the king directly.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - An instruction to the king to listen (listen! hear!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Imperative verb.

समाख्यानम् (samākhyānam) - The extensive narrative that Nārada is about to tell (narrative, complete account, story)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samākhyāna

samākhyāna - complete narrative, full account, story

Verbal noun

Derived from 'sam' + 'ā' + root 'khyā' (to tell).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

अद्य (adya) - At this very moment (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

इदम् (idam) - This narrative (this, here)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Qualifies 'samākhyānam'.

बहुविस्तरम् (bahuvistaram) - Describing the nature of the narrative as long and detailed (very extensive, greatly detailed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuvistara

bahuvistara - very extensive, greatly detailed, ample

Compound of 'bahu' (much, many) and 'vistara' (expansion, detail).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bahu+vistara)

• bahu – much, many, abundant
  adjective (neuter)
• vistara – extent, detail, expansion, prolixity
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'vi' + root 'stṛ' (to spread).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'samākhyānam'.

यथा (yathā) - as, in what manner, according to

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vṛttam' to 'śrutam'.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - How it truly happened (happened, occurred, transpired, event)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, past event, conduct

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to happen).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: It is a past passive participle acting as a noun, qualifying 'śrutam'.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - Which Nārada has also heard (heard, listened to)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, learned, revealed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'samākhyānam' (implied by context).

च (ca) - Adds emphasis or inclusion (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes that it was 'just as' or 'also' (only, indeed, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मया (mayā) - Nārada is the speaker, referring to himself (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent in passive construction ('śrutam').

अपि (api) - Signifies that Nārada also heard it (also, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

वसुधाधिप (vasudhādhipa) - Another vocative address to the king (O lord of the earth! O king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vasudhādhipa

vasudhādhipa - lord of the earth, king

Compound of 'vasudhā' (earth) and 'adhipa' (lord, ruler).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vasudhā+adhipa)

• vasudhā – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'adhi' + root 'pā' (to protect, rule).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Another title for the king.