महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-243, verse-23

कारणं परमं प्राप्य अतिक्रान्तस्य कार्यताम् ।
पुनरावर्तनं नास्ति संप्राप्तस्य परात्परम् ॥२३॥

23. kāraṇaṁ paramaṁ prāpya atikrāntasya kāryatām ,
punarāvartanaṁ nāsti saṁprāptasya parātparam.

23. kāraṇam paramam prāpya atikrāntasya kāryatām
punarāvartanam na asti samprāptasya parāt param

23. paramam kāraṇam prāpya kāryatām atikrāntasya
samprāptasya parāt param punarāvartanam na asti

23. Having achieved the supreme cause, and having transcended the nature of being an effect, there is no return (punarāvartanam) for one who has attained that which is higher than the highest.

Words meanings summery:

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having achieved

• अतिक्रान्तस्य (atikrāntasya) - of the agent who has transcended (of one who has transcended, of that which has passed beyond)

• कार्यताम् (kāryatām) - the state of being an effect, the nature of being an effect

• पुनरावर्तनम् (punarāvartanam) - return, reincarnation, coming back

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• सम्प्राप्तस्य (samprāptasya) - of one who has attained, of one who has reached

• परात् (parāt) - than the highest, from the other, from the supreme

• परम् (param) - the highest, supreme, ultimate

Words meanings and morphology

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate

superlative of para

Note: Agrees with 'kāraṇam'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having achieved

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

from root āp with prefix pra and suffix lyaP (y)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

अतिक्रान्तस्य (atikrāntasya) - of the agent who has transcended (of one who has transcended, of that which has passed beyond)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of atikrānta

atikrānta - transcended, passed beyond

Past Passive Participle

from root kram with prefix ati and suffix kta

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Refers to the individual who has transcended.

कार्यताम् (kāryatām) - the state of being an effect, the nature of being an effect

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāryatā

kāryatā - state of being an effect, effectuality

derived from kārya (effect) with suffix tā (abstract noun)

Note: Object of 'atikrāntasya' (implicitly, having transcended this state).

पुनरावर्तनम् (punarāvartanam) - return, reincarnation, coming back

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of punarāvartana

punarāvartana - return, turning back, recurrence

derived from āvartana (turning) with prefix punar (again)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'na asti'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense, active voice

3rd singular present from root as

Root: as (class 2)

सम्प्राप्तस्य (samprāptasya) - of one who has attained, of one who has reached

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - attained, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

from root āp with prefixes sam and pra, and suffix kta

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Refers to the enlightened individual.

परात् (parāt) - than the highest, from the other, from the supreme

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of para

para - highest, supreme, ultimate, other

Note: 'parāt param' means 'higher than the highest'.

परम् (param) - the highest, supreme, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, ultimate

superlative of para

Note: Can be considered accusative here, as in 'attaining that which is supreme'.