महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-242, verse-25

तत्प्रीतियुक्तेन गुणान्वितेन पुत्रेण सत्पुत्रगुणान्वितेन ।
पृष्टो हीदं प्रीतिमता हितार्थं ब्रूयात्सुतस्येह यदुक्तमेतत् ॥२५॥

25. tatprītiyuktena guṇānvitena; putreṇa satputraguṇānvitena ,
pṛṣṭo hīdaṁ prītimatā hitārthaṁ; brūyātsutasyeha yaduktametat.

25. tat prīti yuktena guṇa anvitena
putreṇa sat putra guṇa anvitena
pṛṣṭaḥ hi idam prītimatā hita artham
brūyāt sutasya iha yat uktam etat

25. hi,
tatprītiyuktena guṇānvitena satputraguṇānvitena prītimatā putreṇa hitārtham idam pṛṣṭaḥ cet,
iha sutasya yat etat uktam (tat) brūyāt

25. Indeed, if asked for his welfare by a loving son who is endowed with affection for the teacher/father, possessed of good qualities, and truly embodying the virtues of an ideal son, then one should declare this teaching here to that son, this very teaching that has been imparted.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - for him (the teacher/father) (that, by him)

• प्रीतियुक्तेन (prītiyuktena) - endowed with love for him (the teacher/father) (endowed with love, filled with affection)

• गुणान्वितेन (guṇānvitena) - endowed with good qualities (endowed with qualities, possessing virtues)

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by a son

• सत्पुत्रगुणान्वितेन (satputraguṇānvitena) - endowed with the qualities of a good son

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - if asked (the teacher being the implicit subject of 'brūyāt' and thus in nominative with pṛṣṭaḥ) (asked, questioned)

• हि (hi) - indeed (emphasizing the condition) (indeed, certainly, for)

• इदम् (idam) - this (teaching) (this)

• प्रीतिमता (prītimatā) - by such a loving (son) (by a loving one, by one possessing affection)

• हितअर्थम् (hitaartham) - for the son's welfare (for the sake of welfare, for benefit)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - (the teacher/father) should declare (one should speak, one should declare)

• सुतस्य (sutasya) - to the son (of the son, to the son)

• इह (iha) - here (in this context, or to this son) (here, in this world, in this matter)

• यत् (yat) - that which (which, what)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - that which has been spoken (the teaching itself) (spoken, said, declared)

• एतत् (etat) - this (teaching) (this)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - for him (the teacher/father) (that, by him)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रीतियुक्तेन (prītiyuktena) - endowed with love for him (the teacher/father) (endowed with love, filled with affection)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prītiyukta

prītiyukta - joined with affection, endowed with love

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prīti+yukta)

• prīti – love, affection, joy, satisfaction
  noun (feminine)
  From root prī
  Root: prī (class 9)
• yukta – joined, endowed, connected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Forms a tatpuruṣa compound with 'tat' as 'tatprītiyuktena'.

गुणान्वितेन (guṇānvitena) - endowed with good qualities (endowed with qualities, possessing virtues)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of guṇānvita

guṇānvita - endowed with qualities/virtues

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guṇa+anvita)

• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute
  noun (masculine)
• anvita – joined, endowed with, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix anu + root i (to go)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by a son

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

सत्पुत्रगुणान्वितेन (satputraguṇānvitena) - endowed with the qualities of a good son

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of satputraguṇānvita

satputraguṇānvita - endowed with the qualities of a good son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satputra+guṇa+anvita)

• sat – good, virtuous, true, real, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• guṇa – quality, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• anvita – endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix anu + root i (to go)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: This is a karmadhāraya compound (satputra) followed by a tatpuruṣa compound (satputraguṇa) further combined with anvita.

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - if asked (the teacher being the implicit subject of 'brūyāt' and thus in nominative with pṛṣṭaḥ) (asked, questioned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned

Past Passive Participle

From root prach (to ask)

Root: prach (class 6)

हि (hi) - indeed (emphasizing the condition) (indeed, certainly, for)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (teaching) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, that

प्रीतिमता (prītimatā) - by such a loving (son) (by a loving one, by one possessing affection)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prītimat

prītimat - loving, affectionate, joyful

Derived from prīti with possessive suffix -mat

Note: Reinforces the 'loving' aspect of the son.

हितअर्थम् (hitaartham) - for the son's welfare (for the sake of welfare, for benefit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hitārtha

hitārtha - purpose of welfare, beneficial purpose

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+artha)

• hita – beneficial, good, welfare
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle of dhā (to place), with prefix hi (good)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially, 'for the sake of welfare'.

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - (the teacher/father) should declare (one should speak, one should declare)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of brūyāt

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada

Root brū (or vac), 3rd singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Implied subject is the teacher/father.

सुतस्य (sutasya) - to the son (of the son, to the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Note: Genitive often functions as dative with verbs of speaking.

इह (iha) - here (in this context, or to this son) (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - that which (which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Acts as a relative pronoun for 'etat'.

उक्तम् (uktam) - that which has been spoken (the teaching itself) (spoken, said, declared)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'yat' and 'etat'.

एतत् (etat) - this (teaching) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the specific teaching being discussed.