महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-242, verse-2

व्यास उवाच ।
धर्मं ते संप्रवक्ष्यामि पुराणमृषिसंस्तुतम् ।
विशिष्टं सर्वधर्मेभ्यस्तमिहैकमनाः शृणु ॥२॥

2. vyāsa uvāca ,
dharmaṁ te saṁpravakṣyāmi purāṇamṛṣisaṁstutam ,
viśiṣṭaṁ sarvadharmebhyastamihaikamanāḥ śṛṇu.

2. vyāsaḥ uvāca dharmam te sampravakṣyāmi purāṇam ṛṣisaṃstutam
viśiṣṭam sarvadharmbhyaḥ tam iha ekamanāḥ śṛṇu

2. vyāsaḥ uvāca te purāṇam ṛṣisaṃstutam sarvadharmbhyaḥ
viśiṣṭam dharmam sampravakṣyāmi iha ekamanāḥ tam śṛṇu

2. Vyāsa said: 'I will fully explain to you the ancient natural law (dharma), which has been praised by sages and is superior to all other natural laws (dharma). Listen to it here with a focused mind.'

Words meanings summery:

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Sage Vyāsa (Vyāsa (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law (dharma), constitution, righteousness)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

• सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि (sampravakṣyāmi) - I will fully explain (I will explain well, I will declare thoroughly)

• पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient (ancient, old, traditional, a Purāṇa text)

• ऋषिसंस्तुतम् (ṛṣisaṁstutam) - praised by sages

• विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - superior (distinguished, special, superior, excellent)

• सर्वधर्म्भ्यः (sarvadharmbhyaḥ) - than all (other) natural laws (dharma) (from all natural laws (dharma), than all natural laws (dharma))

• तम् (tam) - that (dharma) (that, him)

• इह (iha) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this world)

• एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - with a focused mind (one-minded, concentrated, focused)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (attentively) (listen, hear)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Sage Vyāsa (Vyāsa (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (proper noun)

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

perfect tense, 3rd person singular of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law (dharma), constitution, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, righteousness, duty

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'sampravakṣyāmi'.

ते (te) - to you (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form of dative singular, referring to Śuka.

सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि (sampravakṣyāmi) - I will fully explain (I will explain well, I will declare thoroughly)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

future tense

future tense, 1st person singular active of √vac with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is Vyāsa (implied 'I').

पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient (ancient, old, traditional, a Purāṇa text)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, mythical, a Purāṇa (text)

Note: Qualifies 'dharmam'.

ऋषिसंस्तुतम् (ṛṣisaṁstutam) - praised by sages

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣisaṃstuta

ṛṣisaṁstuta - praised/extolled by sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+saṃstuta)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• saṃstuta – praised, extolled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  past passive participle of √stu with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: stu (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'dharmam'.

विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - superior (distinguished, special, superior, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - distinguished, superior, excellent

Past Passive Participle

past passive participle of √śiṣ with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'dharmam'.

सर्वधर्म्भ्यः (sarvadharmbhyaḥ) - than all (other) natural laws (dharma) (from all natural laws (dharma), than all natural laws (dharma))

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of sarvadharma

sarvadharma - all natural laws/duties

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (sarva+dharma)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison with 'viśiṣṭam'.

तम् (tam) - that (dharma) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, him

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

इह (iha) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - with a focused mind (one-minded, concentrated, focused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekamanas

ekamanas - one-minded, concentrated

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+manas)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine)
• manas – mind, intellect
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied listener (Śuka).

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (attentively) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative

imperative 2nd person singular active of √śru

Root: śru (class 5)