महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-242, verse-21

आत्मज्ञानमिदं गुह्यं सर्वगुह्यतमं महत् ।
अब्रुवं यदहं तात आत्मसाक्षिकमञ्जसा ॥२१॥

21. ātmajñānamidaṁ guhyaṁ sarvaguhyatamaṁ mahat ,
abruvaṁ yadahaṁ tāta ātmasākṣikamañjasā.

21. ātmajñānam idam guhyam sarvaguhyatamam mahat
abruvam yat aham tāta ātmasākṣikam añjasā

21. tāta idam guhyam sarvaguhyatamam mahat ātmajñānam,
yat aham añjasā ātmasākṣikam abruvam

21. This secret knowledge of the self (ātman), which is the greatest of all secrets, I have plainly spoken to you, dear one, as directly witnessed by the self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मज्ञानम् (ātmajñānam) - knowledge of the self (ātman) (knowledge of the self)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret (secret, hidden)

• सर्वगुह्यतमम् (sarvaguhyatamam) - the greatest of all secrets (most secret of all)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

• अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I have spoken (I spoke, I said)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तात (tāta) - dear one (father, dear one, my child)

• आत्मसाक्षिकम् (ātmasākṣikam) - as directly witnessed by the self (ātman) (witnessed by the self, directly perceived by the self)

• अञ्जसा (añjasā) - plainly, directly (directly, plainly, truly)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मज्ञानम् (ātmajñānam) - knowledge of the self (ātman) (knowledge of the self)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ātmajñāna

ātmajñāna - self-knowledge, knowledge of the self

Compound of ātman (self) and jñāna (knowledge)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+jñāna)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'is').

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Modifies 'ātmajñānam'.

गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret (secret, hidden)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of guhya

guhya - secret, hidden, mysterious, to be concealed

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from √guh (to hide)

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'ātmajñānam'.

सर्वगुह्यतमम् (sarvaguhyatamam) - the greatest of all secrets (most secret of all)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarvaguhyatama

sarvaguhyatama - most secret of all, most hidden of all

Compound of sarva (all) and guhyatama (most secret)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+guhyatama)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (neuter)
• guhyatama – most secret, most hidden (superlative of guhya)
  adjective (neuter)
  Superlative of guhya (secret)
  Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'ātmajñānam'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Note: Adjective modifying 'ātmajñānam'.

अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I have spoken (I spoke, I said)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: First person singular imperfect.

यत् (yat) - which (which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, because, since

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'ātmajñānam'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of 'abruvam'.

तात (tāta) - dear one (father, dear one, my child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, my child (term of endearment)

Note: Vocative address.

आत्मसाक्षिकम् (ātmasākṣikam) - as directly witnessed by the self (ātman) (witnessed by the self, directly perceived by the self)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātmasākṣika

ātmasākṣika - witnessed by the self, having the self as witness

Compound of ātman (self) and sākṣika (witnessed)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+sākṣika)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• sākṣika – witnessing, witnessed
  adjective (neuter)
  From sākṣin (witness)

Note: Adverbial accusative, or modifying 'yat'.

अञ्जसा (añjasā) - plainly, directly (directly, plainly, truly)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of añjasa (straight, plain), used adverbially

Note: Adverb modifying 'abruvam'.