महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-235, verse-4

षट्कर्मा वर्तयत्येकस्त्रिभिरन्यः प्रवर्तते ।
द्वाभ्यामेकश्चतुर्थस्तु ब्रह्मसत्रे व्यवस्थितः ।
गृहमेधिव्रतान्यत्र महान्तीह प्रचक्षते ॥४॥

4. ṣaṭkarmā vartayatyekastribhiranyaḥ pravartate ,
dvābhyāmekaścaturthastu brahmasatre vyavasthitaḥ ,
gṛhamedhivratānyatra mahāntīha pracakṣate.

4. ṣaṭkarmā vartayati ekaḥ tribhiḥ anyaḥ
pravartate | dvābhyām ekaḥ caturthaḥ
tu brahmasatre vyavasthitaḥ |
gṛhamedhivratāni atra mahānti iha pracakṣate

4. ekaḥ ṣaṭkarmā vartayati anyaḥ tribhiḥ pravartate ekaḥ dvābhyām (pravartate) tu caturthaḥ brahmasatre व्यवस्थितः atra iha gṛhamedhivratāni mahānti pracakṣate ।

4. One householder (ekaḥ) performs six duties (`ṣaṭkarma`), another (anyaḥ) engages in three, and one in two. But the fourth (caturthaḥ) is devoted to the `Brahmasattra` (a long sacrificial session, here implying constant Vedic study). Here, these great householder (gṛhamedhin) vows are proclaimed.

Words meanings summery:

• षट्कर्मा (ṣaṭkarmā) - A householder type who performs the traditional six duties (teaching, studying, sacrificing for oneself, sacrificing for others, giving, receiving gifts). (one who performs six duties (or rites))

• वर्तयति (vartayati) - practices, carries on, lives by

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one type of householder (one, a single)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three duties or rites (by three)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another type of householder (another, other)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - engages in (these duties) (engages, proceeds, acts, revolves)

• द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - by two duties or rites (by two)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one type of householder (one, a single)

• चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - the fourth type of householder (fourth)

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

• ब्रह्मसत्रे (brahmasatre) - in a long sacrificial session involving deep study of the Veda, or simply constant Vedic study. (in a Brahma-sattra, in a session of Vedic study)

• व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - devoted to, or engaged in, the Brahma-sattra (established, situated, devoted, engaged)

• गृहमेधिव्रतानि (gṛhamedhivratāni) - householder's vows or observances

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter, in this context

• महान्ति (mahānti) - great, important, large

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they declare, they proclaim, they name

Words meanings and morphology

षट्कर्मा (ṣaṭkarmā) - A householder type who performs the traditional six duties (teaching, studying, sacrificing for oneself, sacrificing for others, giving, receiving gifts). (one who performs six duties (or rites))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṣaṭkarman

ṣaṭkarman - one who performs six actions or duties

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ṣaṭ+karman)

• ṣaṭ – six
  numeral
• karman – action (karma), ritual, duty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'ekaḥ'.

वर्तयति (vartayati) - practices, carries on, lives by

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vṛt

present active, causative

Causative of root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist) in present active 3rd person singular.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one type of householder (one, a single)

(numeral)

Note: Subject.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three duties or rites (by three)

(numeral)

Note: Implies actions.

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another type of householder (another, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Subject.

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - engages in (these duties) (engages, proceeds, acts, revolves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

present middle

Root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist) with prefix 'pra' in present middle 3rd person singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - by two duties or rites (by two)

(numeral)

Note: Implies actions.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one type of householder (one, a single)

(numeral)

Note: Subject.

चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - the fourth type of householder (fourth)

(numeral)

Note: Subject.

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction or particle.

ब्रह्मसत्रे (brahmasatre) - in a long sacrificial session involving deep study of the Veda, or simply constant Vedic study. (in a Brahma-sattra, in a session of Vedic study)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of brahmasattra

brahmasattra - a long sacrificial session, a session for the study of the Veda

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+sattra)

• brahman – Veda, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• sattra – sacrificial session, asylum, house of refuge
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'sad' (to sit) or 'san' (to gain).
  Root: sad/san (class 1)

व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - devoted to, or engaged in, the Brahma-sattra (established, situated, devoted, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - established, arranged, settled, devoted to, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

गृहमेधिव्रतानि (gṛhamedhivratāni) - householder's vows or observances

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of gṛhamedhivrata

gṛhamedhivrata - vow or observance of a householder

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (gṛhamedhin+vrata)

• gṛhamedhin – householder
  noun (masculine)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'pracakṣate'.

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter, in this context

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

महान्ति (mahānti) - great, important, large

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, extensive

Note: Agrees with 'gṛhamedhivratāni'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they declare, they proclaim, they name

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of cakṣ

present middle

Root 'cakṣ' (to see, declare) with prefix 'pra' in present middle 3rd person plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Impersonal plural subject (sages, authorities).