महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-207, verse-18

एवमेताः सिरानद्यो रसोदा देहसागरम् ।
तर्पयन्ति यथाकालमापगा इव सागरम् ॥१८॥

18. evametāḥ sirānadyo rasodā dehasāgaram ,
tarpayanti yathākālamāpagā iva sāgaram.

18. evam ētāḥ sirānadyaḥ rasodāḥ dēhasāgaram
tarpayanti yathākālam āpagāḥ iva sāgaram

18. evam ētāḥ rasodāḥ sirānadyaḥ yathākālam
dēhasāgaram tarpayanti āpagāḥ sāgaram iva

18. In this manner, these channels (sirā), like rivers, carrying the essential fluids (rasa), nourish the ocean of the body. They do so regularly, just as rivers fill the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - introduces the conclusion or summary of the previous description (thus, in this way, so)

• एताः (ētāḥ) - referring to the channels (`sirā`) described in the previous verse (these)

• सिरानद्यः (sirānadyaḥ) - the channels (sirā) are compared to rivers due to their flow and distribution function (channels like rivers, river-veins)

• रसोदाः (rasodāḥ) - describing the `sirā` as actively carrying or distributing the vital fluid `rasa` (bringing forth juice/fluid, flowing with essence, containing vital fluids)

• देहसागरम् (dēhasāgaram) - the body is metaphorically referred to as a vast ocean, emphasizing its complexity and the constant flow within it (the ocean of the body)

• तर्पयन्ति (tarpayanti) - the act of nourishing the body through the circulation of `rasa` (they nourish, they satisfy, they gladden)

• यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - emphasizing the consistent and timely nature of the bodily nourishment process (in due time, seasonably, regularly, appropriately)

• आपगाः (āpagāḥ) - the literal rivers used in the simile to explain the channels' function (rivers)

• इव (iva) - particle indicating a simile (like, as, as it were)

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - the literal ocean that is filled by rivers, used in the simile (the ocean, sea)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - introduces the conclusion or summary of the previous description (thus, in this way, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

एताः (ētāḥ) - referring to the channels (`sirā`) described in the previous verse (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

सिरानद्यः (sirānadyaḥ) - the channels (sirā) are compared to rivers due to their flow and distribution function (channels like rivers, river-veins)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sirānadī

sirānadī - channels that are like rivers

Compound of `sirā` (channel/vein) and `nadī` (river).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sirā+nadī)

• sirā – channel, vein, artery, duct
  noun (feminine)
  From root `sṛ` (to flow).
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
  From root `nad` (to flow, sound).
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Subject of `tarpayanti`.

रसोदाः (rasodāḥ) - describing the `sirā` as actively carrying or distributing the vital fluid `rasa` (bringing forth juice/fluid, flowing with essence, containing vital fluids)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rasoda

rasoda - conveying `rasa`, full of `rasa`, having `rasa` as source or flow

Compound of `rasa` (fluid/essence) and `uda` (water, or relating to flow from `ud-ā`).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rasa+uda)

• rasa – juice, fluid, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ras (class 1)
• uda – water, flowing
  noun (neuter)
  From root `ud` (to well forth) or `un` (to wet). Here used adjectivally in compound.
  Root: ud (class 7)

Note: Agrees with `sirānadyaḥ`.

देहसागरम् (dēhasāgaram) - the body is metaphorically referred to as a vast ocean, emphasizing its complexity and the constant flow within it (the ocean of the body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dēhasāgara

dēhasāgara - ocean of the body

Compound of `deha` (body) and `sāgara` (ocean).

Compound type : tatpurusha (deha+sāgara)

• deha – body, physical form
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dih` (to anoint, smear).
  Root: dih (class 4)
• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
  Possibly from `sa-gara` (with poison, referring to the ocean from `gara` Halahala poison), or `sa-agara` (with mountains, shore).

Note: Direct object of `tarpayanti`.

तर्पयन्ति (tarpayanti) - the act of nourishing the body through the circulation of `rasa` (they nourish, they satisfy, they gladden)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tṛp

Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

Causal form `tarpayati` (from `tṛp`, 4th class).

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Subject is `sirānadyaḥ`.

यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - emphasizing the consistent and timely nature of the bodily nourishment process (in due time, seasonably, regularly, appropriately)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound. `yathā` (as) + `kāla` (time).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+kāla)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
  Adverbial particle.
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)
  From root `kal` (to count).
  Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Modifies `tarpayanti`.

आपगाः (āpagāḥ) - the literal rivers used in the simile to explain the channels' function (rivers)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āpagā

āpagā - river, stream

From `āpa` (water) + `gā` (going).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject in the comparison clause.

इव (iva) - particle indicating a simile (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

सागरम् (sāgaram) - the literal ocean that is filled by rivers, used in the simile (the ocean, sea)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Possibly from `sa-gara` (with poison, referring to the ocean from `gara` Halahala poison), or `sa-agara` (with mountains, shore).

Note: Direct object in the comparison.