महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-207, verse-11

सुदुष्करं ब्रह्मचर्यमुपायं तत्र मे शृणु ।
संप्रवृत्तमुदीर्णं च निगृह्णीयाद्द्विजो मनः ॥११॥

11. suduṣkaraṁ brahmacaryamupāyaṁ tatra me śṛṇu ,
saṁpravṛttamudīrṇaṁ ca nigṛhṇīyāddvijo manaḥ.

11. suduraskaram brahmacaryam upāyam tatra me śṛṇu |
saṃpravṛttam udīrṇam ca nigṛhṇīyāt dvijaḥ manaḥ

11. brahmacaryam suduraskaram.
tatra upāyam me śṛṇu.
dvijaḥ manaḥ saṃpravṛttam udīrṇam ca nigṛhṇīyāt.

11. Celibacy (brahmacarya) is very difficult. Listen to me concerning the method for it. A twice-born (dvija) person should restrain the mind when it has arisen and become agitated.

Words meanings summery:

• सुदुरस्करम् (suduraskaram) - very difficult, very hard to do

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy, studenthood, chaste conduct

• उपायम् (upāyam) - method, means, approach, expedient

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that matter, in that respect

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• संप्रवृत्तम् (saṁpravṛttam) - arisen, manifested, occurred, engaged

• उदीर्णम् (udīrṇam) - agitated, excited, aroused, intensified

• च (ca) - and, also

• निगृह्णीयात् (nigṛhṇīyāt) - should restrain, should control, should hold back

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born person (dvija), Brahmin

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

Words meanings and morphology

सुदुरस्करम् (suduraskaram) - very difficult, very hard to do

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suduraskara

suduraskara - very difficult, very hard to do, arduous

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+duraskara)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• duraskara – difficult to do, arduous
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From 'duḥ' (bad, difficult) and 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix 'kara'
  Prefix: dus
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy, studenthood, chaste conduct

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, chaste conduct, student life (devoted to Vedic study), religious studentship (brahmacarya)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+carya)

• brahman – sacred knowledge, Veda, ultimate reality, cosmic principle (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
• carya – conduct, practice, observance, course
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'car' (to move, act) + suffix '-ya'
  Root: car (class 1)

उपायम् (upāyam) - method, means, approach, expedient

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāya

upāya - means, method, resource, approach, expedient, stratagem

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that matter, in that respect

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I (first person pronoun)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

संप्रवृत्तम् (saṁpravṛttam) - arisen, manifested, occurred, engaged

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃpravṛtta

saṁpravṛtta - arisen, manifested, engaged, begun, active

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛt' with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

उदीर्णम् (udīrṇam) - agitated, excited, aroused, intensified

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udīrṇa

udīrṇa - aroused, excited, agitated, high, intense

Past Passive Participle

From root 'īr' (to move, stir) with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: īr (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निगृह्णीयात् (nigṛhṇīyāt) - should restrain, should control, should hold back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of nigrah

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born person (dvija), Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (dvija), Brahmin, a bird, a tooth

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought, faculty of thought and feeling

Root: man (class 4)