महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-135, verse-20

कलाः काष्ठा मुहूर्ताश्च दिना नाड्यः क्षणा लवाः ।
पक्षा मासाश्च ऋतवस्तुल्याः संवत्सराणि च ॥२०॥

20. kalāḥ kāṣṭhā muhūrtāśca dinā nāḍyaḥ kṣaṇā lavāḥ ,
pakṣā māsāśca ṛtavastulyāḥ saṁvatsarāṇi ca.

20. kalāḥ kāṣṭhā muhūrtāḥ ca dinā nāḍyaḥ kṣaṇā lavāḥ
pakṣā māsāḥ ca ṛtavaḥ tulyāḥ saṃvatsarāṇi ca

20. kalāḥ kāṣṭhā muhūrtāḥ ca dinā nāḍyaḥ kṣaṇā lavāḥ
pakṣā māsāḥ ca ṛtavaḥ tulyāḥ saṃvatsarāṇi ca

20. Kalās, kāṣṭhās, muhūrtas, as well as days, nāḍīs, kṣaṇas, lavas, fortnights, months, and seasons, all constitute years.

Words meanings summery:

• कलाः (kalāḥ) - kalās (a unit of time)

• काष्ठा (kāṣṭhā) - kāṣṭhās (a unit of time)

• मुहूर्ताः (muhūrtāḥ) - muhūrtas (a unit of time, approx. 48 minutes)

• च (ca) - and, also

• दिना (dinā) - days

• नाड्यः (nāḍyaḥ) - nāḍīs (a unit of time, 24 minutes)

• क्षणा (kṣaṇā) - moments

• लवाः (lavāḥ) - lavas (a very small unit of time)

• पक्षा (pakṣā) - fortnights

• मासाः (māsāḥ) - months

• च (ca) - and, also

• ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) - seasons

• तुल्याः (tulyāḥ) - equivalent, similar, constituting

• संवत्सराणि (saṁvatsarāṇi) - years

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

कलाः (kalāḥ) - kalās (a unit of time)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kalā

kalā - a small part, a digit of the moon, an art, a unit of time (1/30 of a muhūrta)

काष्ठा (kāṣṭhā) - kāṣṭhās (a unit of time)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kāṣṭhā

kāṣṭhā - direction, limit, goal, a unit of time (1/15 of a kalā)

Note: The form kāṣṭhā can be singular nominative, dual nominative/accusative or plural nominative/accusative in feminine. Here it is contextually plural nominative.

मुहूर्ताः (muhūrtāḥ) - muhūrtas (a unit of time, approx. 48 minutes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a short time, a particular division of time (48 minutes)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दिना (dinā) - days

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dina

dina - day

Note: The form 'dinā' is unusual for plural nominative of the neuter noun 'dina' (expected 'dināni') or masculine noun 'dina' (expected 'dināḥ'). It is understood as 'days' in this enumerative context.

नाड्यः (nāḍyaḥ) - nāḍīs (a unit of time, 24 minutes)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nāḍī

nāḍī - tube, vein, pulse, a measure of time (24 minutes)

क्षणा (kṣaṇā) - moments

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - a moment, an instant, a leisure time

Note: The form 'kṣaṇā' is a variant of plural nominative masculine 'kṣaṇāḥ'.

लवाः (lavāḥ) - lavas (a very small unit of time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of lava

lava - a cutting, a drop, a small fragment, a very small unit of time

पक्षा (pakṣā) - fortnights

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣa

pakṣa - side, wing, fortnight, party

Note: The form 'pakṣā' is a variant of plural nominative masculine 'pakṣāḥ'.

मासाः (māsāḥ) - months

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) - seasons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛtu

ṛtu - season, fixed time

तुल्याः (tulyāḥ) - equivalent, similar, constituting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tulya

tulya - equal, like, similar, comparable

Note: Agrees with the preceding list of time units (e.g., kalāḥ, muhūrtāḥ, ṛtavaḥ) which are predominantly masculine/feminine plural nominative.

संवत्सराणि (saṁvatsarāṇi) - years

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)