महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-135, verse-17

एवं प्राप्ततमं कालं यो मोहान्नावबुध्यते ।
स विनश्यति वै क्षिप्रं दीर्घसूत्रो यथा झषः ॥१७॥

17. evaṁ prāptatamaṁ kālaṁ yo mohānnāvabudhyate ,
sa vinaśyati vai kṣipraṁ dīrghasūtro yathā jhaṣaḥ.

17. evam prāptatamam kālam yaḥ mohāt na avabudhyate
saḥ vinaśyati vai kṣipram dīrghasūtraḥ yathā jhaṣaḥ

17. yaḥ mohāt evam prāptatamam kālam na avabudhyate
saḥ vai dīrghasūtraḥ jhaṣaḥ yathā kṣipram vinaśyati

17. Indeed, whoever, out of delusion, fails to recognize the most opportune time, he quickly perishes, just like a procrastinating fish (dīrghasūtra).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - indeed (thus, in this manner, indeed)

• प्राप्ततमम् (prāptatamam) - most opportune (most appropriate, best obtained, most suitable)

• कालम् (kālam) - opportune time (time, season, opportune moment)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, which)

• मोहात् (mohāt) - out of delusion (from delusion, out of ignorance, due to bewilderment)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - fails to recognize (when combined with 'na') (understands, perceives, comprehends, recognizes)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that (one))

• विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes (perishes, is destroyed, disappears)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, verily)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, soon)

• दीर्घसूत्रः (dīrghasūtraḥ) - procrastinator (used in the comparison for the fish) (procrastinator, slow in action)

• यथा (yathā) - just like (just as, as, like)

• झषः (jhaṣaḥ) - fish

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - indeed (thus, in this manner, indeed)

(indeclinable)

प्राप्ततमम् (prāptatamam) - most opportune (most appropriate, best obtained, most suitable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāptatama

prāptatama - most obtained, most acquired, most appropriate, best

Superlative form of 'prāpta' (past passive participle of pra-√āp, meaning obtained) using the suffix -tama.

Note: Modifies 'kālam'.

कालम् (kālam) - opportune time (time, season, opportune moment)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period, proper time, death (as the end of time)

Note: Object of 'avabudhyate'.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'avabudhyate'.

मोहात् (mohāt) - out of delusion (from delusion, out of ignorance, due to bewilderment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, bewilderment, ignorance, folly

From √muh (to be bewildered, confused).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Indicates cause or origin.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

Note: Negates the verb 'avabudhyate'.

अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - fails to recognize (when combined with 'na') (understands, perceives, comprehends, recognizes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of avabudh

Present Tense, Middle Voice (ātmanepada)

From ava-√budh (class 4).

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ'.

Note: Subject of 'vinaśyati'.

विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes (perishes, is destroyed, disappears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vinaś

Present Tense, Active Voice (parasmaipada)

From vi-√naś (class 4).

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, verily)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, soon)

(indeclinable)

The adjective 'kṣipra' in the accusative neuter singular ('kṣipram') functions adverbially.

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

दीर्घसूत्रः (dīrghasūtraḥ) - procrastinator (used in the comparison for the fish) (procrastinator, slow in action)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīrghasūtra

dīrghasūtra - procrastinator, one who delays, slow in action

From dīrgha (long) + sūtra (thread, string of action); one who lengthens the thread of action, i.e., delays.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīrgha+sūtra)

• dīrgha – long, tall, extensive, protracted
  adjective
• sūtra – thread, string, rule, aphorism
  noun (neuter)

Note: Part of the comparison.

यथा (yathā) - just like (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

झषः (jhaṣaḥ) - fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jhaṣa

jhaṣa - fish, large fish