महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-123, verse-22

प्रसादयेन्मधुरया वाचाप्यथ च कर्मणा ।
इत्यस्मीति वदेन्नित्यं परेषां कीर्तयन्गुणान् ॥२२॥

22. prasādayenmadhurayā vācāpyatha ca karmaṇā ,
ityasmīti vadennityaṁ pareṣāṁ kīrtayanguṇān.

22. prasādayet madhurayā vācā api atha ca karmaṇā
iti asmi iti vadet nityam pareṣām kīrtayan guṇān

22. madhurayā vācā api atha ca karmaṇā prasādayet
nityam pareṣām guṇān kīrtayan iti asmi iti vadet

22. One should conciliate (others) with sweet speech and also with (good) deeds (karma). One should always speak humbly, saying "I am just so," while proclaiming the virtues of others.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रसादयेत् (prasādayet) - one should conciliate, one should please, one should propitiate

• मधुरया (madhurayā) - with sweet, by sweet

• वाचा (vācā) - by sweet speech (by speech, by word, with voice)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अथ (atha) - and (then, and, now, moreover)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by (good) deeds (karma) (by action, by deed, by ritual (karma))

• इति (iti) - marking a quotation ("I am just so") (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (just so / humble) (I am)

• इति (iti) - marking the end of the quotation ("I am just so") (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

• वदेत् (vadet) - one should speak (one should speak, one should say)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always (constantly, always, perpetually)

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others (of others, of enemies, of strangers)

• कीर्तयन् (kīrtayan) - proclaiming, praising (proclaiming, praising, mentioning)

• गुणान् (guṇān) - virtues, good qualities (qualities, virtues, strands (of prakṛti))

Words meanings and morphology

प्रसादयेत् (prasādayet) - one should conciliate, one should please, one should propitiate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of prasāday

Causative Optative

Causative stem of pra-√sad (to settle down, to be pleased). Optative 3rd person singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

मधुरया (madhurayā) - with sweet, by sweet

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming

Note: Qualifies `vācā`.

वाचा (vācā) - by sweet speech (by speech, by word, with voice)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - and (then, and, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used as a conjunction.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by (good) deeds (karma) (by action, by deed, by ritual (karma))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, fate, effect (karma)

Derived from root `kṛ` (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - marking a quotation ("I am just so") (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (just so / humble) (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Present indicative, 1st person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - marking the end of the quotation ("I am just so") (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

वदेत् (vadet) - one should speak (one should speak, one should say)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vad

Optative

Optative 3rd person singular.

Root: vad (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial accusative of `nitya`.

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others (of others, of enemies, of strangers)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of para

para - other, another, superior, supreme, enemy

कीर्तयन् (kīrtayan) - proclaiming, praising (proclaiming, praising, mentioning)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīrtayant

kīrtayant - proclaiming, praising, mentioning

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root `kīrt` (to mention, proclaim).

Root: kṛt (class 10)

Note: Adjectival form functioning adverbially.

गुणान् (guṇān) - virtues, good qualities (qualities, virtues, strands (of prakṛti))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, merit, attribute, rope, secondary part

Note: Object of `kīrtayan`.