महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-123, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
तात धर्मार्थकामानां श्रोतुमिच्छामि निश्चयम् ।
लोकयात्रा हि कार्त्स्न्येन त्रिष्वेतेषु प्रतिष्ठिता ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
tāta dharmārthakāmānāṁ śrotumicchāmi niścayam ,
lokayātrā hi kārtsnyena triṣveteṣu pratiṣṭhitā.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca tāta dharmārthakāmānām śrotum icchāmi
niścayam lokayātrā hi kārtsnyena triṣu eteṣu pratiṣṭhitā

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca tāta dharmārthakāmānām niścayam śrotum
icchāmi hi lokayātrā kārtsnyena eteṣu triṣu pratiṣṭhitā

1. Yudhishthira said: Father (tāta), I wish to hear the definitive truth (niścayam) regarding natural law (dharma), material prosperity (artha), and enjoyment (kāma). For the sustenance of the world (lokayātrā) is entirely founded upon these three.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तात (tāta) - Father (addressing Bhishma) (father, dear one, sir)

• धर्मार्थकामानाम् (dharmārthakāmānām) - of natural law (dharma), wealth (artha), and pleasure (kāma)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• निश्चयम् (niścayam) - definitive truth (certainty, ascertainment, definitive truth, resolve)

• लोकयात्रा (lokayātrā) - sustenance of the world (conduct of the world, livelihood, administration of the world, sustenance of the world)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely, entirely, wholly

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three, among three

• एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these, among these

• प्रतिष्ठिता (pratiṣṭhitā) - established, founded, fixed

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest Pandava brother, proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तात (tāta) - Father (addressing Bhishma) (father, dear one, sir)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, sir (a respectful term of address)

धर्मार्थकामानाम् (dharmārthakāmānām) - of natural law (dharma), wealth (artha), and pleasure (kāma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmārthakāma

dharmārthakāma - natural law, wealth, and pleasure (the three aims of human life)

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha+kāma)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• artha – wealth, purpose, meaning, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• kāma – desire, pleasure, enjoyment
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

formed from root śru (to hear) + tumun suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

निश्चयम् (niścayam) - definitive truth (certainty, ascertainment, definitive truth, resolve)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - certainty, ascertainment, conviction, resolve

लोकयात्रा (lokayātrā) - sustenance of the world (conduct of the world, livelihood, administration of the world, sustenance of the world)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of lokayātrā

lokayātrā - conduct of the world, worldly affairs, livelihood, sustenance of the people

Compound type : tatpurusha (loka+yātrā)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• yātrā – journey, course, conduct, procession, livelihood
  noun (feminine)
  derived from root yā (to go)
  Root: yā (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely, entirely, wholly

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kārtsnya

kārtsnya - entirety, completeness, totality

Note: Used adverbially.

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three, among three

(numeral)

एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these, among these

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, that

प्रतिष्ठिता (pratiṣṭhitā) - established, founded, fixed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - established, founded, fixed, standing firm

Past Passive Participle

formed from root sthā (to stand) with upasarga prati

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)