महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-10, verse-28

अवेक्षस्व यथा स्वैः स्वैः कर्मभिर्व्यापृतं जगत् ।
तस्मात्कर्मैव कर्तव्यं नास्ति सिद्धिरकर्मणः ॥२८॥

28. avekṣasva yathā svaiḥ svaiḥ karmabhirvyāpṛtaṁ jagat ,
tasmātkarmaiva kartavyaṁ nāsti siddhirakarmaṇaḥ.

28. avekṣasva yathā svaiḥ svaiḥ karmabhiḥ vyāpṛtam jagat
tasmāt karma eva kartavyam na asti siddhiḥ akarmaṇaḥ

28. yathā jagat svaiḥ svaiḥ karmabhiḥ vyāpṛtam avekṣasva
tasmāt karma eva kartavyam akarmaṇaḥ siddhiḥ na asti

28. Observe how the world is occupied by its own respective actions (karma). Therefore, action (karma) alone must be performed; there is no accomplishment (siddhi) for one who is inactive.

Words meanings summery:

• अवेक्षस्व (avekṣasva) - observe, look at, consider

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how

• स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their own

• स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their own

• कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions (karma), by duties

• व्यापृतम् (vyāpṛtam) - engaged, occupied, busy

• जगत् (jagat) - the world, universe

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma), duty, work

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, ought to be done, duty

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success, accomplishment, perfection

• अकर्मणः (akarmaṇaḥ) - of the inactive, of one without action (karma)

Words meanings and morphology

अवेक्षस्व (avekṣasva) - observe, look at, consider

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of avekṣ

Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular

derived from root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga ava, Atmanepada

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, how

(indeclinable)

स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their own

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, self, property, belonging to oneself

स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their own

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, self, property, belonging to oneself

कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions (karma), by duties

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, duty, fate, ritual action

derived from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

व्यापृतम् (vyāpṛtam) - engaged, occupied, busy

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyāpṛta

vyāpṛta - engaged, occupied, busy, employed, active

Past Passive Participle

derived from root pṛ (to fill) with upasargas vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: pṛ (class 9)

जगत् (jagat) - the world, universe

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - the world, universe, what moves, living beings

derived from root gam (to go) with reduplication, present active participle of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

कर्म (karma) - action (karma), duty, work

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, duty, fate, ritual action

derived from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done, ought to be done, duty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, obligation

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

derived from root kṛ (to do) with the tavya pratyaya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

derived from root as (to be), Parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success, accomplishment, perfection

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - accomplishment, success, perfection, attainment, supernatural power, realization

derived from root sidh (to succeed, accomplish)

Root: sidh (class 4)

अकर्मणः (akarmaṇaḥ) - of the inactive, of one without action (karma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of akarman

akarman - inaction, not performing ritual acts, inactivity, one who is inactive

negated form of karman

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+karman)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• karman – action, deed, work, duty
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)