महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-10, verse-21

शक्यं तु मौण्ड्यमास्थाय बिभ्रतात्मानमात्मना ।
धर्मच्छद्म समास्थाय आसितुं न तु जीवितुम् ॥२१॥

21. śakyaṁ tu mauṇḍyamāsthāya bibhratātmānamātmanā ,
dharmacchadma samāsthāya āsituṁ na tu jīvitum.

21. śakyam tu mauṇḍyam āsthāya bibhratā ātmānam ātmanā
dharmacchadma samāsthāya āsitum na tu jīvitum

21. tu mauṇḍyam āsthāya ātmanā ātmānam bibhratā
dharmacchadma samāsthāya āsitum śakyam na tu jīvitum

21. However, it is possible for one, by adopting the tonsure and supporting oneself (ātman) by one's own means, having assumed the disguise of (dharma), to simply remain, but not to truly live.

Words meanings summery:

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• मौण्ड्यम् (mauṇḍyam) - baldness, tonsure (the practice of shaving the head)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken up

• बिभ्रता (bibhratā) - by maintaining, by supporting, by bearing

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self, oneself, the soul

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself, through oneself, by the self

• धर्मच्छद्म (dharmacchadma) - the disguise of dharma, a pretense of dharma

• समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having fully resorted to, having adopted, having assumed

• आसितुम् (āsitum) - to sit, to remain, to exist

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, however

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live

Words meanings and morphology

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, capable, fit for

Gerundive

From verb root √śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

मौण्ड्यम् (mauṇḍyam) - baldness, tonsure (the practice of shaving the head)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mauṇḍya

mauṇḍya - baldness, tonsure (shaving of the head), state of a Buddhist monk

Derived from 'muṇḍa' (bald, shaven).

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From verb root √sthā (to stand) with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

बिभ्रता (bibhratā) - by maintaining, by supporting, by bearing

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bibhrat

bibhrat - maintaining, supporting, bearing, carrying

Present Active Participle

From verb root √bhṛ (to bear, carry, support). Reduplicated form.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self, oneself, the soul

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, ultimate reality

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself, through oneself, by the self

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, ultimate reality

धर्मच्छद्म (dharmacchadma) - the disguise of dharma, a pretense of dharma

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmacchadma

dharmacchadma - disguise of dharma, false show of piety/virtue

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+chadman)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, religion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• chadman – disguise, pretext, delusion, deception
  noun (neuter)
  From √chad (to cover).
  Root: chad (class 1)

समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having fully resorted to, having adopted, having assumed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From verb root √sthā (to stand) with upasargas 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

आसितुम् (āsitum) - to sit, to remain, to exist

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of √ās

Infinitive

Infinitive form of verb root √ās.

Root: ās (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of √jīv

Infinitive

Infinitive form of verb root √jīv.

Root: jīv (class 1)