महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-9, verse-9

अदृष्टपूर्वा या नार्यः पुरा देवगणैरपि ।
पृथग्जनेन दृश्यन्त तास्तदा निहतेश्वराः ॥९॥

9. adṛṣṭapūrvā yā nāryaḥ purā devagaṇairapi ,
pṛthagjanena dṛśyanta tāstadā nihateśvarāḥ.

9. adṛṣṭapūrvā yā nāryaḥ purā deva-gaṇaiḥ api
pṛthagjanena dṛśyanta tāḥ tadā nihateśvarāḥ

9. purā yā adṛṣṭapūrvā nāryaḥ deva-gaṇaiḥ api,
tāḥ tadā nihateśvarāḥ pṛthagjanena dṛśyanta.

9. Those women, who previously had not been seen even by groups of gods, were then seen by common people, their husbands having been slain.

Words meanings summery:

• अदृष्टपूर्वा (adṛṣṭapūrvā) - unseen before (not seen before, unprecedented)

• या (yā) - who (who, which (fem. nom. pl.))

• नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women

• पुरा (purā) - previously, formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

• देव-गणैः (deva-gaṇaiḥ) - by groups of gods

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• पृथग्जनेन (pṛthagjanena) - by common people (by common people, by an ordinary person)

• दृश्यन्त (dṛśyanta) - were seen (were seen, appeared)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those (feminine plural))

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• निहतेश्वराः (nihateśvarāḥ) - whose husbands had been slain (whose lords/masters/husbands are slain)

Words meanings and morphology

अदृष्टपूर्वा (adṛṣṭapūrvā) - unseen before (not seen before, unprecedented)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of adṛṣṭapūrva

adṛṣṭapūrva - unseen before, unprecedented

Compound of a (not) + dṛṣṭa (seen) + pūrva (before)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dṛṣṭa+pūrva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dṛś (to see), ppp.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• pūrva – former, previous, before
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with nāryaḥ

या (yā) - who (who, which (fem. nom. pl.))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Agrees with nāryaḥ

नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nārī

nārī - woman, wife

पुरा (purā) - previously, formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

देव-गणैः (deva-gaṇaiḥ) - by groups of gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva-gaṇa

deva-gaṇa - group of gods, host of deities

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (deva+gaṇa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, troop, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of passive verb dṛśyanta

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes devagaṇaiḥ

पृथग्जनेन (pṛthagjanena) - by common people (by common people, by an ordinary person)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pṛthagjana

pṛthagjana - common person, ordinary man

Compound of pṛthak (separate, distinct) + jana (person)

Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (pṛthak+jana)

• pṛthak – separately, individually, distinctly
  indeclinable
• jana – person, man, creature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agent of passive verb dṛśyanta

दृश्यन्त (dṛśyanta) - were seen (were seen, appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (Laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect passive, 3rd person plural

Root dṛś, imperfect tense, passive voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those (feminine plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, those

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers back to nāryaḥ

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that)

निहतेश्वराः (nihateśvarāḥ) - whose husbands had been slain (whose lords/masters/husbands are slain)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nihateśvara

nihateśvara - whose lord/master/husband is slain

Compound of nihata (slain) + īśvara (lord/husband)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nihata+īśvara)

• nihata – slain, killed, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill), with prefix ni, ppp.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: han (class 2)
• īśvara – lord, master, husband, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from īś (to be master of)
  Root: īś (class 2)